Variation and quantitative trait loci analysis of myrosinase activity and phenolic compound accumulation in Brassica oleracea var. italica

Gardner, Alicia Marie

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/89145 Copy

Description

Title

Variation and quantitative trait loci analysis of myrosinase activity and phenolic compound accumulation in Brassica oleracea var. italica

Author(s)

Gardner, Alicia Marie

Issue Date

2015-12-04

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

• Juvik, John A.
• Zhao, Youfu

Department of Study

Crop Sciences

Discipline

Crop Sciences

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

M.S.

Degree Level

Thesis

Keyword(s)

• Brassica
• Myrosinase
• Phenolic compounds
• Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping

Abstract

Two classes of secondary metabolites found in Brassica crops are of particular importance for eliciting human health benefits: phenolic compounds and glucosinolate hydrolysis products. These compounds have been demonstrated—among other things—to induce detoxification enzymes, mitigate inflammation, lower the risk of type II diabetes, and decrease cancer risk. In order to better utilize plants for the promotion of human health, a coordinated effort of advancement is needed in all related fields, including the genetic and environmental regulation of plant secondary product biosynthesis and the in vivo targets and mechanisms of action of phytochemicals in humans. This research addresses the genetic control of glucosinolate metabolism and phenolic compound accumulation in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Gas chromatography was utilized to quantify glucosinolate hydrolysis products in the broccoli mapping population VI-158 × BNC. The same population was also evaluated for phenolic compound accumulation with three chemical assays: total phenolic content, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, and DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Quantitative trait loci analysis was employed for each of these phenotypes to identify genetic loci associated with variation in glucosinolate hydrolysis and phenolic compound accumulation. The genetic linkage map used for this analysis was saturated with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers anchored to the B. oleracea reference genome TO1000 (Brown et al. 2014). Physical markers were utilized to identify putative candidate genes underlying the QTL effects. This works reveals several questions for further investigation and the potential challenge of improving metabolites that are responsive to environmental conditions, but also highlights potential target genes for breeding Brassica cultivars with greater health-promoting potential.

Graduation Semester

2015-12

Type of Resource

text

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http://hdl.handle.net/2142/89145

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2015 Alicia Gardner

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