Mechanism of Insulin Release From Islets of Langerhans in a Rat Model of Normal Infants and Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Sullivan, Debra Kay
This item is only available for download by members of the University of Illinois community. Students, faculty, and staff at the U of I may log in with your NetID and password to view the item. If you are trying to access an Illinois-restricted dissertation or thesis, you can request a copy through your library's Inter-Library Loan office or purchase a copy directly from ProQuest.
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/84977
Description
Title
Mechanism of Insulin Release From Islets of Langerhans in a Rat Model of Normal Infants and Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Author(s)
Sullivan, Debra Kay
Issue Date
1997
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Reynolds, Robert D.
Department of Study
Nutritional Sciences
Discipline
Nutritional Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Animal Physiology
Language
eng
Abstract
Neonatal hypoglycemia is common in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM). The hypoglycemia is believed to result from persistent insulin hypersecretion due to the elevated glucose concentration in utero. The mechanism for the hypersecretion of insulin is not known. The glucose sensing mechanism in the fetal and neonatal IDM and normal control rats was investigated. Pregnant rats were given an i.p. injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) on day 13 of pregnancy to induce diabetes mellitus. Offspring were evaluated on days $-$1, 1, 2, 5 and 10 of life. Parameters measured were body weight, plasma glucose and insulin, in vitro glucose-stimulated insulin release, and protein expression of GLUT1, GLUT2, and glucokinase by immunocytochemistry in the isolated islet and Western blot on the whole pancreas. The IDM had significantly lower mean body weights at all ages studied (p $<$ 0.01, n $\ge$ 34); significantly higher mean plasma glucose concentration at day $-$1 (p $<$ 0.0001, n $\ge$ 181) and significantly lower mean plasma glucose at all neonatal ages (p $<$ 0.01, n $\ge$ 36). Mean plasma insulin was significantly lower at all ages except for day 10 of life (p $<$ 0.05, n $\ge$ 26). The IDM group mean for the in vitro glucose-stimulated insulin release data was significantly greater than controls (p $<$ 0.0001, n $\ge$ 4). The insulin release in the IDM was significantly higher on specific days: day $-$1 at glucose concentration of 11.1 and 22.2 mmol/L (p $<$ 0.05, n $\ge$ 4); day 1 at glucose concentration of 5.5 mmol/L (p $<$ 0.05, n = 6 experiments); and day 2 at glucose concentration of 11.1 mmol/L 22.2 mmol/L (p $<$ 0.05, n $\ge$ 6). By immunocytochemistry, the IDM had greater GLUT1 protein expression on days 1, 2, and 5 (n = 5 replicates); greater GLUT2 expression on days $-$1, 1, and 5 (n = 7 replicates); and greater glucokinase expression on days 1, 2, and 10 (n = 4 replicates). Western blot data revealed significantly lower GLUT2 protein expression in the IDM on days $-$1 and 2 (p $<$ 0.05, n = 4). These data confirm the elevated insulin release in IDM and suggest that glucose transporter and glucokinase proteins involved in glucose sensing are altered in the IDM.
Use this login method if you
don't
have an
@illinois.edu
email address.
(Oops, I do have one)
IDEALS migrated to a new platform on June 23, 2022. If you created
your account prior to this date, you will have to reset your password
using the forgot-password link below.