Starch Source, Fraction, and Processed Form Affect in Vitro and in Vivo Digestion and Glycemic Responses in Dogs
Murray, Sean M.
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/83661
Description
Title
Starch Source, Fraction, and Processed Form Affect in Vitro and in Vivo Digestion and Glycemic Responses in Dogs
Author(s)
Murray, Sean M.
Issue Date
1999
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Fahey, George C., Jr.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Veterinary Science
Language
eng
Abstract
Starch plays an important role in the nutritive value of many foods and diets consumed by animals. Not only does starch provide an excellent source of ME, it also influences the way in which products can be manufactured due to its important rheological and other functional properties such as gelling, flavor encapsulation, and sweetening. Dog diets contain starch, derived predominantly from cereal grains, and incorporated through the use of extrusion technology. Although the dog is capable of deriving energy from these cereal grains and various other starchy ingredients, little is known about the differences among these sources and their effects on criteria such as nutrient digestibility at the ileum and postprandial glycemic and insulin responses. Little research has been conducted with dogs focusing on factors such as the physical and chemical properties of starches, or the fermentative activity of small intestinal bacteria that can influence rate and extent of starch digestion and its subsequent utilization within the GIT. Therefore, the objectives of the experiments conducted were to (1) determine the concentrations of starch and starch fractions found in selected native starch sources and common petfood ingredients, (2) evaluate the effects of diets containing individual starch sources on in vivo nutrient utilization and fecal characteristics by dogs, (3) determine the impact of starch modification on nutrient digestibility and glycemic responses in dogs, and (4) compare the in vitro fermentative characteristics of native and modified starch sources when inoculated with either ileal effluent or a bacteria-rich fraction isolated from ileal fluid of canine subjects.
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