Systematics Within the Therevinae (Insecta: Diptera: Therevidae)
Metz, Mark Andrew
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/83085
Description
Title
Systematics Within the Therevinae (Insecta: Diptera: Therevidae)
Author(s)
Metz, Mark Andrew
Issue Date
2002
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Irwin, Michael E.
Department of Study
Natural Resrouces and Environmental Sciences
Discipline
Natural Resrouces and Environmental Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Cell
Language
eng
Abstract
The 50 species currently in valid combination with Psilocephala Zetterstedt are reviewed and their generic placement hypothesized. Four new genera; Argolepida gen. nov., Manestella gen. nov., Nigranitida gen. nov., and Notiothereva gen. nov. are described. The monophyly of the higher Therevinae is supported relative to the nearest outgroup taxon, the Anabarhynchus genus group. The Chilean and Australian Anabarhynchus genera are a monophyletic clade outside of the higher Therevinae and the Chilean Taenogera genus group taxa are not part of the monophyly that includes the higher Therevinae and the Anabarhynchus genus group. The relationships among the genera of the higher Therevinae is proposed with a phylogenetic analysis including 99 ingroup taxa and the outgroup Anabarhynchus tristis. The species Schoutodenomyia antennata, Megapalla undulata, Schoutodenomyia superba, Stenopomyia angulata , and Lindneria wintertoni form a basal ladder outside of a large polytomy containing the genus Insulatitan trishae and five monophyletic genus assemblages; the Litolinga group, Chrysenthemia group, Thereva group, Cyclotelini, and Pandivirilia group. The evolutionary origin of the Therevidae and the biogeography of the higher Therevinae are discussed. The evolution of the Therevidae is estimated to be prior to the breakup of Gondwana, but the major lineages radiated during the Gondwanan breakup. The current distributions of the higher Therevinae are explained as major dispersal events through the Americas and across Beringia to Asia as well as another major lineage dispersing northward through Africa until it contacted the Arabian Peninsula. A new genus, Ambradolon, is diagnosed from Dominican amber. A new genus, Insulatitan, represented by four new species: I. romaynae, I. trishae, I. watsoni, and I. youngi and the described genera, Lindneria Krober and Penniverpa Irwin and Lyneborg, were also shown to be monophyletic lineages. Lindneria was previously represented by a single species, L. splendida Krober. Psilocephala platyptera Krober is here placed in the genus Lindneria. Six new species of Lindneria are described: L. bellingeri, L. browni, L. dicosta, L. penelopae, L. thompsoni, and L. wintertoni. Psilocephala brunnipennis Krober was recognized as belonging to the genus Penniverpa Irwin and Lyneborg and is so placed as a new combination.
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