University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Time Course of Regional Brain Activity Associated With Top-Down Attentional Control in Depression

Silton, Rebecca Levin

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/82194

Description

Title
Time Course of Regional Brain Activity Associated With Top-Down Attentional Control in Depression
Author(s)
Silton, Rebecca Levin
Issue Date
2009
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
  • Miller, Gregory A.
  • Heller, Wendy
Department of Study
Psychology
Discipline
Psychology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Psychology, Psychobiology
Language
eng
Abstract
A network consisting of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC) has been implicated in cognitive control. Very few studies have investigated how this network is altered in psychopathology, despite evidence that depression and anxiety are associated with cognitive control impairments. In the present studies, participants with a history of depression, comorbid depression/anxiety, or neither provided fMRI and EEG data during a color-word Stroop task. fMRI guided development of an EEG source model to characterize the time course of activity in and relationships among specific brain regions, including LDLPFC (300-440 ms) and dACC (520-680 ms). dACC activity mediated the relationship between LDLPFC activity and Stroop interference (incongruent reaction time minus congruent reaction time). Increased LDLPFC activity was related to better Stroop performance, mediated by dACC. Depression moderated the relationship between LDLPFC and dACC. The effect of LDLPFC on dACC was larger at lower levels of depression. In contrast, anxiety moderated the relationship between dACC and Stroop interference, stronger at higher levels of worry. Categorical analyses using DSM-IV-TR diagnoses provided additional evidence for processing abnormalities in depression as indexed by scalp ERP components (N200 and N450). Overall, results suggest that depression and anxiety play temporally and functionally different roles in this network involved in top-down attention control.
Graduation Semester
2009
Type of Resource
text
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/82194

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