The Conceptualization and Measurement of Sport-Confidence (self-Confidence, Sport Psychology)
Vealey, Robin Sue
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71871
Description
Title
The Conceptualization and Measurement of Sport-Confidence (self-Confidence, Sport Psychology)
Author(s)
Vealey, Robin Sue
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Physical Education
Discipline
Physical Education
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Education, Physical
Abstract
This study was undertaken to develop (a) a theoretical framework to conceptualize self-confidence based on the unique context of sport, and (b) valid instrumentation to effectively operationalize self-confidence as conceptualized in the theoretical model. An interactional, sport-specific model was developed in which sport-confidence was defined as the degree of certainty athletes possess about their ability to be successful in sport. Based on the trait-state distinction advocated by personality theorists, sport-confidence was conceptualized into trait (SC-trait) and state (SC-state) components within the model. It became apparent that sport-confidence could not predict behavior unless individual definitions of success were known. Therefore, a competitive orientation construct was incorporated into the model. Competitive orientation was defined as the tendency for athletes to strive toward a certain goal in sport. Based on what the investigator felt were inherent goals of sport (winning and performing well), two competitive orientations were conceptualized: performance orientation and outcome orientation. Thus, an instrument to measure SC-trait (Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory or TSCI), an instrument to measure SC-state (State Sport-Confidence Inventory or SSCI), and an instrument to measure competitive orientation (Competitive Orientation Inventory or COI) were developed and validated in order to test the relationships represented in the conceptual model.
Validation procedures included four phases of data collection involving 666 high school and college athletes. All three instruments demonstrated adequate item discrimination, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, and concurrent validity. In the construct validation phase, the results supported several predictions based on the conceptual model. SC-trait and competitive orientation were significant predictors of SC-state, perceived ability, perceptions of past success in sport, causal attributions for performance, and satisfaction with performance. The results were equivocal with regard to the ability of SC-state to predict behavior. However, males, older athletes, and more experienced athletes were significantly higher in SC-state than females, younger athletes, and less experienced athletes. Actual sport performance as well as perceived sport performance were significant predictors of post-competitive SC-state.
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