The Role of Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in Maintaining Lower Leaves of Chrysanthemum Morifolium, Ram. 'Cv. Mountain Peak' Under Low Light Conditions
Yahya, Moosa Dawood
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71788
Description
Title
The Role of Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in Maintaining Lower Leaves of Chrysanthemum Morifolium, Ram. 'Cv. Mountain Peak' Under Low Light Conditions
Author(s)
Yahya, Moosa Dawood
Issue Date
1988
Department of Study
Horticulture
Discipline
Horticulture
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Plant Physiology
Abstract
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of potting media and/or nitrogen source on lower leaf yellowing and shelflife of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ram, 'cv. Mountain Peak' under low light intensity environment. Various growth, quality, and N nutritional measurements were taken at the end of production period and throughout the simulated home environment. In comparison to the other N sources, nitrate was the superior N source for the production of chrysanthemum when vegetative growth, flower quality, and shelflife are evaluated in total. With nitrate fertilization, chrysanthemum plants produced in winter had longer shelflife in soilless than soil mix medium, while no difference was found between either potting mix for summer production.
Using ammonium fertilizer to supply all the N was deleterious for chrysanthemum plants during winter and summer with either potting mix. The poor quality and/or low shelflife of chrysanthemum plants fertilized with ammonium was attributed to the accumulation of free ammonium and soluble organic N (amines and amides) in the leaves. The development of severe acidic conditions in the medium of ammonium-fertilized plants resulted in a poor root growth and reduction of water uptake which accelerated the deterioration of the plants shortly after entering the home environment. The roots of ammonium-fertilized plants contained the lowest level of carbohydrate during the simulated home environment in comparison to plants grown with the other N sources.
A mixture of ammonium and nitrate (up to 1:1) was successful in producing a satisfactory chrysanthemum crop and resulted in an extended shelflife in either soilless or soil mix media, provided the potting medium pH was maintained over 6.0 during the production period. Maintaining the medium pH over 6.0 was associated with a reduction in free ammonium content in lower leaves and roots as compared to plants grown in an acidic medium.
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