Phytic Acid In Developing And Mature Seed Of Soybean (glycine Max (l.) Merr.) And Glycine Soja Sieb. & Zucc. (phosphorus, Zinc, Nutrition)
Raboy, Victor
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71775
Description
Title
Phytic Acid In Developing And Mature Seed Of Soybean (glycine Max (l.) Merr.) And Glycine Soja Sieb. & Zucc. (phosphorus, Zinc, Nutrition)
Author(s)
Raboy, Victor
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Horticulture
Discipline
Horticulture
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Plant Physiology
Abstract
Soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.} and G. soja Sieb. & Zucc. germplasm collections were surveyed for variation in the concentration of the seed phosphorus (P) storage compound, phytic acid. Seed of the soybean lines contained from 13.9 to 23.0 mg g('-1) phytic acid, while seed of the G. soja lines contained from 18.8 to 27.7 mg g('-1) phytic acid. Most of the variation in seed P was due to variation in phytic acid P, with little variation in non-phytic acid P observed among lines within species. High yielding soybean cultivars tended to have the lowest concentrations of phytic acid. Phytic acid was highly correlated with seed protein among soybean lines (r = +0.74). The phytic acid:zinc molar ratio in the seed of the lines surveyed ranged from 26 to 44.
Twelve soybean cultivars were grown in three locations with available soil P concentrations ranging from 41 to 120 mg P kg('-1). Ninety-eight per cent of the variation in phytic acid due to environment could be attributed to a positive linear relationship between available soil P and phytic acid. Soybean and G. soja plants were grown in sand culture to study the relationships among nutrient P level, vegetative P concentration, and the phytic acid concentration of the seed. A close relationship between vegetative P concentration during reproductive growth and the phytic acid concentration of seed was observed. Compared to soybean plants, G. soja plants had higher concentrations of vegetative P, paralleling their higher concentrations of phytic acid. Plants grown with nutrient P at 22.4 or 50.0 mg P L('-1) had phytic acid concentrations similar to those observed for field grown plants. Reducing the nutrient P to 2.4 mg P L('-1) resulted in seeds with a greatly reduced phytic acid concentration (4.6 mg g('-1)). No effect of reduced phytic acid concentration on seed viability was observed. These results support the feasibility of breeding for reduced phytic acid.
The time-course of phytic acid accumulation during soybean seed development was studied. Phytic acid accumulation was linear with time throughout the linear phase of seed dry weight gain. Nearly all P translocated to the developing seed during this growth phase was incorporated into phytic acid. A positive relationship between nutrient P level and the rate of phytic acid P accumulation was observed for plants grown in sand culture.
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