Effects of Acth on Plasma Concentrations of Cortisol and Progesterone and on Embryonic Survival in Swine
Sulong, Adnan Bin
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71724
Description
Title
Effects of Acth on Plasma Concentrations of Cortisol and Progesterone and on Embryonic Survival in Swine
Author(s)
Sulong, Adnan Bin
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Dairy Science
Discipline
Dairy Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Animal Physiology
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if elevated levels of ACTH and cortisol such a those present during stress might have a detrimental effect on embryonic survival in swine. In a preliminary investigation daily injections of either 100 or 200 i.u. of ACTH or 100 or 200 USP units of Cortrophin-Zn were used to determine the dosage and type of ACTH preparation that would significantly increase plasma cortisol concentration in gilts. The results indicated that 100 i.u. of ACTH prepared in 0.9% NaCl sufficiently increased the cortisol levels similar to that reported in gilts undergoing stress.
Treatment with ACTH resulted in a significant increase in plasma coritsol concentration. A lower response in cortisol concentration in one experiment was attributed to the unseasonably high summer temperature present during that time.
The plasma concentration of progesterone in ACTH-treated and control gilts showed a normal profile associated with early pregnancy in swine. However, two gilts showed somewhat lower plasma concentrations of progesterone which might have caused the abortions that occurred in those two gilts. This depressed concentration of plasma progesterone was attributed to the high summer temperature, the surgery associated with cannulation and also the effect of antibiotics on intestinal microflora which were associated with steroid metabolism.
A pattern of increased plasma progesterone concentration was observed in ACTH-treated gilts on days during the period of treatment with ACTH, the increase being significant on day 4 of treatment. This was followed by a pattern of decreased plasma progesterone concentration on days following cessation of treatment, the decrease being significant on the day immediately following cessation of treatment. No difference in embryonic survival was observed between ACTH-treated and control gilts.
The results of these experiments suggest that ACTH treatment in gilts resulted in altered hormone profiles of cortisol and progesterone. However, ACTH treatment did not produce any detrimental effect on early embryonic survival. It is postulated that the increase in plasma progesterone was due to increased secretion of progesterone from the adrenals as a result of increased stimulation by ACTH. The chronic effect of decreased plasma progesterone concentration following withdrawal of the ACTH treatment was explained on the basis that increased plasma concentration of cortisol and progesterone acted on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis to inhibit LH secretion, thereby reducing CL function.
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