Effects of Petroleum Oil and Soybean Oil in Adjuvants for Postemergence Herbicides (Surfactant, Photodecomposition, Absorption, Efficacy, Translocation)
Harrison, Steven Kent
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71615
Description
Title
Effects of Petroleum Oil and Soybean Oil in Adjuvants for Postemergence Herbicides (Surfactant, Photodecomposition, Absorption, Efficacy, Translocation)
Author(s)
Harrison, Steven Kent
Issue Date
1985
Department of Study
Agronomy
Discipline
Agronomy
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Agronomy
Abstract
Soybean oil is an abundant and renewable resource through annual crop production. The replacement of paraffin oil with soybean oil in agricultural adjuvants would create an additional market for surplus soybeans and help alleviate dependence on non-renewable petroleum oil. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to compare effects of a petroleum oil-emulsifier blend (POC) and a soybean oil-emulsifier blend (SBOC) as adjuvants for postemergence herbicides.
In field experiments, little difference was observed between POC and SBOC in the ability to enhance control of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) with 0.6 or 1.1 kg/ha bentazon 3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide . Control of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.) with 0.1 kg/ha sethoxydim 2- 1-(ethoxyimino)butyl -5- 2-(ethylthio)propyl -3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one was enhanced more by POC than by SBOC. Phytotoxicity of sethoxydim was not altered by changes in carrier volume from 47 and 187 L/ha when applied under favorable growing conditions.
The effects of adjuvants and relative humidity (RH) on absorption, translocation, and metabolism of the methyl ester of ('14)C-haloxyfop 2- 4- 3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl oxy phenoxy propanoic acid in corn (Zea mays L.) were investigated. Addition of 1.0% (v/v) POC to the treatment solution resulted in greater foliar absorption and translocation of ('14)C than addition of 1.0% (v/v) SBOC. Absorption and translocation of radioactivity was greater at 70% RH than at 30% RH. The ratio of haloxyfop-methyl to haloxyfop and the percentage of a polar metabolite in the absorbed ('14)C fraction were not different among adjuvant treatments or levels of RH.
Laboratory photolysis of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid , bentazon, and haloxyfop in dilute aqueous solution containing 1.0% (v/v) POC or 1.0% (v/v) SBOC was four to five times faster than that observed in pure aqueous solution. In another study, herbicides were dissolved in paraffin oil or soybean oil and exposed to ultraviolet light. The type of oil did not affect the photolysis rate of 2,4-D or bentazon, but haloxyfop was photo-degraded more rapidly in paraffin oil than in soybean oil.
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