Studies on the Use of Herbicides for Control of Wild Garlic (Allium Vineale L.) in a Winter Wheat-Soybean Double Crop Rotation (Chlorsulfuron, Dpx T6376)
Leys, Andrew Ross
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71603
Description
Title
Studies on the Use of Herbicides for Control of Wild Garlic (Allium Vineale L.) in a Winter Wheat-Soybean Double Crop Rotation (Chlorsulfuron, Dpx T6376)
Author(s)
Leys, Andrew Ross
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Agronomy
Discipline
Agronomy
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Agronomy
Abstract
The response of wild garlic (Allium vineale L.) to two sulfonylurea herbicides, chlorsulfuron (2-chloro-N-(((4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)carbonyl)benzenesulfonamide), and DPX T6376 (methyl-2-((((4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-(2-yl)amino)carbonyl)amino)sulfonyl)benzoate), was investigated. In field studies, although DPX T6376 was approximately three times more active than chlorsulfuron, extremely low rates of either herbicide controlled wild garlic. DPX T6376 and chlorsulfuron applied in April at 5 and 15 g ai/ha, respectively, reduced aerial and underground bulb production by 95%. In time of application experiments, chlorsulfuron was applied preemergence, and postemergence, in early fall, late fall, early spring and late spring. All treatments reduced aerial and underground bulb production, but spring applications were much more effective than preemergence, or postemergence, fall applications. Application of chlorsulfuron in mid to late April, when the old bulb reserves were exhausted, and the scape and new bulbs were rapidly developing, gave the best control of wild garlic.
In controlled environment studies, plants grown from the aerial bulblets were more susceptible to chlorsulfuron than plants grown from the larger soft offset bulbs. A non-ionic surfactant, or a crop oil concentrate, added to the spray solution, improved the performance of chlorsulfuron. In a site of uptake experiment, wild garlic responded similarly to both herbicides. Application of either herbicide to the foliage, or to a combination of foliage and the soil, was more effective than application to the soil alone. Studies with foliarly applied ('14)C-labeled herbicides showed that chlorsulfuron and DPX T6376 had similar absorption and translocation patterns. Small amounts of both herbicides were translocated to all plant parts, but the highest concentration outside the treated leaf occurred in the apical meristem.
Soybeans, planted as a double crop after wheat, were severely damaged by soil residues remaining from chlorsulfuron applied to the preceding wheat crop. When DPX T6376 and chlorsulfuron were applied at equal rates to wheat, they caused similar damage to double crop soybeans. However, because DPX T6376 controls wild garlic at lower rates than chlorsulfuron, it may be possible to double crop soybeans after wheat has been sprayed with DPX T6376.
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