Evolution of Nitrogen Compounds From Soybean (Acetaldehyde Oxime, Nitrous Oxide, N-15)
Mulvaney, Charlene Steele
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71597
Description
Title
Evolution of Nitrogen Compounds From Soybean (Acetaldehyde Oxime, Nitrous Oxide, N-15)
Author(s)
Mulvaney, Charlene Steele
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Agronomy
Discipline
Agronomy
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Plant Physiology
Abstract
Soybean seedlings {Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Williams, 24 days after planting, grown on nutrient solution containing 15 mM NO(,3)('-)} evolved substantial amounts of N compounds in an open gas exchange system. Air exiting the shoot compartment was passed through a chemical trapping system. Traps I, II, and III contained 0.1 N H(,2)SO(,4), 1 N KOH, and 1 N KOH:0.1 M KMnO(,4), respectively. The N content of the trapping solutions was determined by steam distillation methods. Over a 24 h period, the shoots evolved 840 (mu)g N(.)plant('-1)(.)d('-1). Maximum evolution rates occurred near the end of the light period. Trap II retained 62.1% of the N evolved, whereas traps I and III retained 18.7% and 19.2%, respectively, suggesting that the bulk of the N compounds evolved were acidic. Ammonia plus amines (trap I) comprised less than 105 of the N evolved. Substantial amounts of oxidized inorganic N were detected in the traps, indicating that part of the N evolved was more oxidized than NH(,3). Evolution of N compounds detected as NO(,x) was also observed (mean rate for 24 h was 0.57 (mu)g N(.)plant('-1)(.)h('-1)). The results of hydrolysis experiments (acidic and alkaline conditions) indicate that part of the N evolved was organic.
Evolution of nitrogen oxides {NO(,x), primarily as nitric oxide (NO)} from soybean leaves during purged in vivo nitrate reductase assays was reported, however these reports were based on a method for NO(,x) determination in air. This method also detects other N compounds. Preliminary work led us to doubt that the N evolved was NO. Studies were undertaken to identify the N compound evolved from the in vivo assay that was reported as NO(,x). Material for identification was obtained by cryogenic trapping procedures. Mass spectrometry, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and ('15)NO(,3)('-) were used to identify the compounds evolved and to determine whether the compounds were derived from nitrate. Acetaldehyde oxime was identified as the predominant N compound evolved, and is readily detected by the method for NO(,x). Substantial quantities of acetaldehyde oxime were evolved during the in vivo assay (16.2 (mu)mol(.)g('-1) fresh weight(.)h('-1)). Small amounts of nitrous oxide (N(,2)O) were evolved (0.63 (mu)g N(.)g('-1) fresh weight(.)h('-1)), but N(,2)O was not detected as NO(,x). Acetaldehyde oxime and N(,2)O were both produced as a result of ('15)NO(,3)('-) reduction during the assay.
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