The Availability of Interest Arbitration and Police Employment Outcomes
Schwochau, Susan Gertrude
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71547
Description
Title
The Availability of Interest Arbitration and Police Employment Outcomes
Author(s)
Schwochau, Susan Gertrude
Issue Date
1986
Department of Study
Labor and Industrial Relations
Discipline
Labor and Industrial Relations
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Sociology, Industrial and Labor Relations
Abstract
Whereas previous research on compulsory interest arbitration has assumed its availability to be exogenously determined, this analysis views the availability of arbitration as a result of tactical action. A power-dependence based framework is used to test three propositions regarding interest arbitration: (1) passage of an arbitration law is partially determined by power relationships between unions and cities in a state; (2) once factors influencing arbitration's implementation are controlled for, arbitration's availability should positively affect employment outcomes; and (3) comparability to other municipalities' pay plays a larger role in determining what a city pays its employees where arbitration is available than where it is not.
These propositions are tested using data from several sources. Publicly available data on various characteristics of the fifty states and Washington D.C. are employed to examine influences on the existence of collective bargaining and arbitration laws covering police officers during 1971-1981. Analyses of employment outcomes use a national sample of over 1000 cities with 25,000 or more populations for the 1971-1981 period.
The results generally support the hypotheses derived from the dependence based theoretical framework. Several variables argued to influence union power are found to be associated with the passage and existence of arbitration laws. In particular, findings suggest that states in which unions are less powerful are more likely to provide for arbitration. Results of state analyses are subsequently used in examining the effects of arbitrations's availability on police salaries, contract scores, and police fringe benefit expenditures. When factors influencing its availability are controlled for, arbitration is found to have influenced outcomes, particularly salaries, during the 1978-1981 period. Finally, comparability appears to play a larger role in determining salaries where arbitration is available than where it is not.
It is concluded that future examinations of interest arbitration's effects should incorporate the endogeneity of arbitration's availability. Moreover, findings indicate that dependence based frameworks are potentially useful tools for research on collective bargaining and interest arbitration.
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