The Pharmacokinetics of Oxytetracycline in Dogs With Normal and Impaired Renal Function
Duffee, Nicole Elizabeth
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71341
Description
Title
The Pharmacokinetics of Oxytetracycline in Dogs With Normal and Impaired Renal Function
Author(s)
Duffee, Nicole Elizabeth
Issue Date
1987
Department of Study
Veterinary Medical Science
Discipline
Veterinary Medical Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Veterinary Science
Abstract
A renal failure model was developed in 29 dogs by electrocoagulation of one renal cortex and contralateral nephrectomy to enable the adjustment of therapeutic drug doses in relation to renal function. The magnitude of renal dysfunction, defined by the percentage of normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), was estimated by ('125)I-iothalamate total body clearance. The pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) were compared before and after the induction of renal failure in three experiments: single intravenous dose (11 dogs), single intravenous and oral dose (8 dogs), and multiple oral doses (10 dogs). Animals were replicated in three ranges of percent normal GFR: <25 percent to 49 percent; and (GREATERTHEQ)50 percent. Analyses of plasma OTC concentration-time data demonstrated that elimination parameters and volumes of distribution were significantly reduced by renal failure, but plasma protein binding and oral absorption were unaffected. Adjusted intravenous loading and oral maintenance doses of OTC produced steady state plasma OTC concentrations that were not significantly different in each range of GFR from those obtained by normal therapeutic doses administered to healthy dogs. These doses could, therefore, be used in patients with severe, moderate and mild renal failure, corresponding to the respective range of GFR.
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