The Pathophysiology of Acute T-2 Mycotoxicosis in Swine (t-2 Toxin, Shock, Yellow Rain)
Lorenzana, Roseanne M.
This item is only available for download by members of the University of Illinois community. Students, faculty, and staff at the U of I may log in with your NetID and password to view the item. If you are trying to access an Illinois-restricted dissertation or thesis, you can request a copy through your library's Inter-Library Loan office or purchase a copy directly from ProQuest.
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71331
Description
Title
The Pathophysiology of Acute T-2 Mycotoxicosis in Swine (t-2 Toxin, Shock, Yellow Rain)
Author(s)
Lorenzana, Roseanne M.
Issue Date
1986
Department of Study
Veterinary Medical Science
Discipline
Veterinary Medical Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Veterinary Science
Abstract
The present study was conducted to characterize the nature of the shock syndrome that occurred in swine. It was hypothesized that the syndrome would be characterized by specific alterations in cardiovascular parameters, hematology, serum biochemistries, plasma concentrations of vasoactive substances, and plasma coagulation factors.
A single intravascular dose of 0.6 (n = 5) or 4.8 (n = 5) mg/kg T-2 toxin was given to swine. Another group of swine was given the vehicle (ethanol, n = 6) only. The animals were monitored until they died (high dose) or for 24 hours (low dose and control group). The high dose swine died between 5 1/2 and 10 1/2 hours.
Shock was characterized by reductions in cardiac output and blood pressure and increased plasma concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, thromboxane B(,2), 6-keto-PGF(,1(alpha)), and lactate. Total peripheral resistance was unchanged in the high dose group but decreased in the low dose group. Pulmonary vascular resistance increased in both groups. Decreases occurred in arterial pH and the partial pressure of arterial oxygen. There was a delayed increase in heart rate in both T-2 groups. No alteration occurred in plasma concentrations of histamine or serotonin.
Serum samples were collected at hourly intervals, and in the high dose group, increases occurred in creatinine, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, magnesium, and potassium. In both the high and low dose groups, increases occurred in urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotranferase, and a decrease occurred in total serum calcium. No significant trends occurred in the concentrations of ultrafilterable calcium, sodium, chloride, total protein, albumin, glucose, or total bilirubin.
An initial leukocytosis followed by a leukopenia in both groups. In the high dose group, the red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were increased. Nucleated red blood cells were seen in the blood smears of both groups.
Coagulation assays included prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, activated coagulation time, and fibrin degradation products. These clinical screening tests detected evidence of neither a coagulopathy nor disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Use this login method if you
don't
have an
@illinois.edu
email address.
(Oops, I do have one)
IDEALS migrated to a new platform on June 23, 2022. If you created
your account prior to this date, you will have to reset your password
using the forgot-password link below.
