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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71319
Description
Title
Nonspecific Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in the Cat
Author(s)
Tompkins, Mary Barclay
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Veterinary Medical Science
Discipline
Veterinary Medical Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Health Sciences, Immunology
Abstract
Using a chromium-51-release microcytotoxicity assay, naturally occurring cytotoxic cells were demonstrated in peripheral blood and spleens of domestic cats. Lymphocytes from blood and spleen were purified over Ficoll-Hypaque and added to uninfected, vaccinia-infected, or herpes-infected adherent feline origin target cells and to a lymphoid tumor cell line, FL74, which grows in suspension. Natural cytotoxic (NC) cells, which lyse adherent targets, were found in both the peripheral blood and spleen of normal, nonimmune cats. These cells were partially characterized as nonadherent and consisted of two phenotypically different subpopulations, one FCR-positive and the other FCR-negative. Functionally, NC cells require a 16-hour assay to express target cell lysis and preferentially lyse virus-infected targets. Several allogeneic, virus-infected cell lines were lysed by NC cells as were both uninfected and virus-infected xenogeneic targets. Uninfected feline cell lines were not susceptible to NC lysis. Natural killer (NK) cells, which lyse lymphoid tumor suspension cells, were found in the spleen but not the peripheral blood of normal cats. These cells were nonadherent and required a 16-hour assay to express target cell (FL74) lysis. Immunization with vaccinia virus did not increase the activity of NC cells in either the peripheral blood or the spleen. NK function was enhanced by immunization with cytotoxic activity against FL74 cells peaking 6 days postinfection.
No cytotoxic T-cell function could be demonstrated. Infection with the potentially immunosuppressive feline leukemia virus (FeLV) did not decrease NK cell function. There was some suggestion of enhanced NK activity. In conclusion, the cat possesses at least two functionally different populations of naturally cytotoxic cells. NK cells are found in the spleen and peripheral blood, lyse virus-infected monolayer targets, and are not activated by immunization. NC cells are found in the spleen, lyse lymphoid tumor targets, and can be activated by immunization, with their peak activity occurring 6 days after infection.
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