Characterization of Vaccinia Virus-Induced Cytotoxic Cells in the Syrian Hamster
Yang, Hyekyung
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71306
Description
Title
Characterization of Vaccinia Virus-Induced Cytotoxic Cells in the Syrian Hamster
Author(s)
Yang, Hyekyung
Issue Date
1983
Department of Study
Veterinary Medical Science
Discipline
Veterinary Medical Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Health Sciences, Immunology
Abstract
The presence of a T-cell marker, Thy 1.2, on noninduced and vaccinia virus-induced hamster cytotoxic cells was studied utilizing a murine monoclonal anti-mouse Thy 1.2 antiserum ((alpha)-Thy 1.2) which detects a Thy 1.2 homologue on hamster T cells. In the hamster, (alpha)-Thy 1.2 plus complement (C') killed 100 percent thymocytes, 60-80 percent spleen lymphocytes, and less than 10 percent bone marrow cells. Noninduced natural cytotoxic cells and in vivo vaccinia-induced cytotoxic cells were compared to in vitro-generated cytotoxic effector cells with regard to the Thy 1.2 marker. While spleen natural cytotoxic cells and cytotoxic spleen cells induced in vivo by vaccinia virus infection were negative for the Thy 1.2 homologue, the cytotoxic cells generated in macrophage-bone marrow cocultures in vitro expressed high levels of the Thy 1.2 homologue as evidenced by their marked sensitivity to a (alpha)-Thy 1.2 + C'. We also demonstrated the presence of non-specific Thy 1.2 homologue-positive cytotoxic lymphocytes (T('+)CL) in peritoneal exudates induced by intraperitoneal inoculation of vaccinia virus or Bacillus Calmett Guerin (BCG). Fractionations of immune PEC by adherence revealed cytotoxicity in both the nonadherent (lymphocyte) and adherent macrophage (MP) cell fractions wth the majority of activity in the nonadherent fraction. The cytotoxic cells in both the adherent and nonadherent fractions of induced PEC were of the Thy 1.2 phenotype. Treatment that enriched for MP decreased cytotoxic activity, whereas procedures that enriched for lymphocytes enhanced cytotoxic activity. Demonstration of a small number (< 1 percent) of Thy 1.2 homologue-positive cells attached to the adherent and nonadherent PEC population is mediated by a nonspecific T('+)CL. Thus, our data support the conclusion that i.p. inoculation of hamsters with vaccinia induced two distinctly compartmentalized phenotypes with similar cytotoxic characteristics--the T('+) CL in the peritoneum and the Thy 1.2 homologue-negative (Thy 1.2('-)) NK or NK-like cell in the spleen. Further, our studies provide no evidence for the existence of a cytotoxic MP following i.p. immunization of hamsters with vaccinia or BCG.
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