Petrology and Diagenesis of Medium-Grained Clastic Sediments in the Back-Arc Basins of the Western Pacific Ocean (Japan, Daito)
Lee, Yong Il
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71136
Description
Title
Petrology and Diagenesis of Medium-Grained Clastic Sediments in the Back-Arc Basins of the Western Pacific Ocean (Japan, Daito)
Author(s)
Lee, Yong Il
Issue Date
1984
Department of Study
Geology
Discipline
Geology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Geology
Abstract
Most back-arc basin sandstones recovered by DSDP appear to have contained similar compositions at the time of deposition, for all were derived from similar volcanic source terranes. Study of diagenetic history of sandstones from six back-arc basins in the western Pacific Ocean indicate, however, that sandstones can undergo a range of different diagenetic processes. To determine whether the diagenetic history of a sandstone is a function of the time of deposition with respect to rifting in the basin, I studied the petrology and diagenetic history of sandstones at seven DSDP sites (285, 286, 297, 299, 445, 446 and 453). These sites provided sandstones which had been deposited at various times with respect to the development of the basin. Sandstones which were deposited coevally with early stages of basin rifting (Sites 445 and 446) at a slow rate of burial show greater diagenetic alteration, including pore-space reduction, rim cementation by clay minerals and calcite, pore-fill cementation by clinoptilolite, heulandite, analcite and later sparry calcite, than those deposited during later and post stages of rifting and at a more rapid rate of burial. This observation implies that the large heat flow and fluid circulation associated with rifting provided a strong effect on sandstone diagenetic history, and, thus, that the timing of deposition with respect to rifting will strongly affect back-arc basin sandstone petrology. Back-arc basin sandstones containing a larger volume of andesitic volcanic rock fragments were more likely to show diagenetic changes when compared to sandstones containing a larger volume of other rock fragments and mineral components.
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