The Effects of a Self-Monitored Jogging Program on Anxiety and Personality
Bhattacharya, Barid Baran
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71085
Description
Title
The Effects of a Self-Monitored Jogging Program on Anxiety and Personality
Author(s)
Bhattacharya, Barid Baran
Issue Date
1988
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Roberts, Glyn C.
Department of Study
Kinesiology
Discipline
Kinesiology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Education, Physical
Education, Educational Psychology
Abstract
Several researchers have investigated the effects of jogging, and aerobic exercise, on state and trait anxiety. The role of jogging in selectively reducing somatic anxiety as has been postulated in the psychobiological model of Davidson and Schwartz (1976) has also been examined by many investigators. However, experimental design has rarely been used in these studies. Furthermore, as structured exercise programs were organized for the subjects in such research, the social interaction effects of participating in organized exercise programs were not isolated. It has been suggested that social interaction may be the cause behind mood improvement after exercise. The present investigation was designed to study the effects of a self-monitored jogging program on anxiety and personality.
The subjects participated in the 10-week-long jogging program. Sixty-one adult, healthy males, who were basically nonexercisers, were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: the jogging group, the reading (or placebo) group, and the control group. The joggers did jogging at least 3 times a week, 20 minutes continuously in each session, between 70-80% of their age-adjusted maximum heart rate. The readers read materials of their choice (except textbooks) at least 3 times a week, 20 minutes continuously in each session. The measures of anxiety used were the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Cognitive-Somatic Anxiety Questionnaire. In addition, neuroticism subscale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory was used to determine the effect of jogging in reducing general emotional overresponsiveness. The 3-minute step test (McArdle et al.) was used to measure fitness. The subjects participated in the activities at their convenient time and place. Thirty-nine subjects adhered to the program.
Repeated measure ANOVAs indicated that although the joggers became significantly more fit than the others, there was no reduction in anxiety and neuroticism score for subjects in all the three groups. It was concluded that jogging does not have long-term effects on anxiety and on personality for a nonclinical population. It was recommended that whether nonsupervised exercise programs attract subjects who differ in psychological orientation and level of anxiety, and whether such programs elicit different response than the supervised exercise programs should be explored.
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