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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/71082
Description
Title
Smoking Addiction Scale for Pregnant Women
Author(s)
Morris, Joyce B.
Issue Date
1988
Department of Study
Health and Safety Studies
Discipline
Health and Safety Studies
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Health Sciences, Public Health
Psychology, Psychometrics
Abstract
This study developed and examined the evidence for the construct validity of a Smoking Addiction Index (SAI) for pregnant women. The scale was designed to behaviorally measure the level of addiction to smoking among pregnant women. The study sample consisted of 311 pregnant women who had participated in a smoking cessation intervention trial while patients at a public health maternity clinic. The women completed questionnaires and provided saliva samples for thiocyanate assay at the first prenatal visit, four to six weeks into prenatal care, and at the end of pregnancy. The SAI was developed from items on the baseline questionnaire on smoking beliefs and practices and were selected during a content analysis of the baseline variables.
The structure of the individual SAI items and the scale were analyzed using factor analysis, correlational analysis and reliability analysis. The SAI items were used in correlational and discriminant analysis to examine the relationship of the items and the scale to selected variables drawn from all three observations. External variables were chosen for these analyses because they represented relationships suggested by addiction theory. Because of problems with missing data for one variable, two data sets were analyzed. One set, Predicted, contained records for all women using a predicted value for the missing values of the variable. The other data set, Missing, dropped the records for those women with the missing data. Analyses were similar for both data sets.
The items in the scale were representative of the components of addiction although some components were better represented than others. The scale had a weak but consistent internal structure. There were indications that while the items and scale were measuring the same construct, that construct may not be addiction. The theory of addiction, particularly addiction to smoking must be better defined before it can be determined whether the theory is incorrect or whether the scale is not measuring addiction.
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