The Political Economy of a Populist Government: Argentina, 1943-55
Elizagaray, Atilio Antonio
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/70762
Description
Title
The Political Economy of a Populist Government: Argentina, 1943-55
Author(s)
Elizagaray, Atilio Antonio
Issue Date
1985
Department of Study
Economics
Discipline
Economics
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Economics, History
Abstract
The political economy of Argentina during the 1943-55 period is the subject matter of this dissertation. That was a period of profound economic and social reforms, in which either government or political power was in the hands of General Juan D. Peron.
This study is an attempt to make an overall evaluation of the economic and social policies of that period, based on the application of efficiency and equality criteria. More precisely, the impacts of those policies on economic efficiency and equality will be assessed through the analysis of, for instance, the growth rate in per capita GDP, the tax system, government expenditures, the output and export performance of the industrial and rural sectors, and the changes in income distribution.
In particular, the following working hypotheses will be developed in the chapters to follow: (i) Rural policies caused, through their impact on absolute and relative prices, the stagnation of agricultural output and a sharp decline in exports; (ii) Industrial credit and protection policies induced the development of mostly vegetative and high-cost industries; (iii) The above, in addition to exchange rate policies, originated the post-war balance of payments bottlenecks which "caused" the so-called stop-go cycles of the Argentine economy; (iv) In general, the policies of the period were aimed at the increase in real consumption and employment, yet sacrificing economic growth; (v) The situation of the Argentine economy in 1955 cannot be termed a crisis and, therefore, economic data or economic reasoning cannot be used to rationalize the 1955 military coup.
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