The Metabolic and Hormonal Effect of Prolonged Submaximal Exercise in Pregnancy and in Anorexia Nervosa (Essential Fatty Acids)
Adams, Catherine Estelle
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/70089
Description
Title
The Metabolic and Hormonal Effect of Prolonged Submaximal Exercise in Pregnancy and in Anorexia Nervosa (Essential Fatty Acids)
Author(s)
Adams, Catherine Estelle
Issue Date
1986
Department of Study
Food Science
Discipline
Food Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Health Sciences, Nutrition
Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the metabolic and hormonal response to moderate intensity exercise for 60 minute duration. The exercise response in two groups of subjects, pregnant women in the fourth month of gestation and patients with the eating disorder anorexia nervosa, were compared with a group of normal weight, non-pregnant control women. The pregnant and control groups were both near ideal body weight and had normal metabolic rates. The anorexic group of women were a mean of 25% below ideal weight and had an increased metabolic efficiency compared with control subjects.
The pregnant women showed a normal response to exercise at an estimated 50% of VO(,2) maximum. There were moderate increases in blood glucose, lactate, cortisol, glucagon and human growth hormone. There was no indication of abnormal stress during exercise or of a compromised anabolic condition that would be harmful to the developing fetus.
The anorexic women responded to moderate intensity exercise in a manner expected for a group working at a greater intensity level. There was a hyperglycemic response, a significantly greater increase in blood lactate and cortisol concentrations compared with either the pregnant or normal women. Glucagon values were high in the anorexic group at rest and remained high throughout exercise. These physiologic parameters, and a greater than expected energy cost for walking exercise at 50% estimated VO(,2) maximum, indicated an exaggerated response to moderate intensity exercise of 60 minute duration compared with control subjects.
The anorexic patients were evaluated for essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency. There was no evidence of classical EFA deficiency, but there was indication of a trend toward deficiency. The observed changes in the profile of blood phospholipids may indicate the possibility for changes in prostaglandin synthesis and membrane functionality.
Recommendations include that early pregnant women may continue with moderate exercise programs, provided their pregnancy is low-risk and they were moderately trained prior to becoming pregnant. The anorexia nervosa patient may continue with moderate intensity exercise, but compensation must be made in the therapeutic diet for the increased energy cost of exercise and increased susceptibility to essential fatty acid deficiency.
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