Lysine and Threonine Supplementation of Sorghum Diets for Swine Gestation
Cuaron-Ibarguengoytia, Jose Antonio
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/70013
Description
Title
Lysine and Threonine Supplementation of Sorghum Diets for Swine Gestation
Author(s)
Cuaron-Ibarguengoytia, Jose Antonio
Issue Date
1983
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition
Abstract
The effects of lysine and threonine addition to sorghum diets fed to gravid swine were investigated. Criteria of response were: nitrogen balance; reproductive performance; milk production during the subsequent lactation; dam and piglet peripartal plasma constituents (total protein, albumin, immunoglobulins and urea nitrogen); colostrum constituents (dry matter, fat, total protein and immunoglobulins); milk composition (dry matter, fat and total protein), specific antigen binding capacity (to bovine serum albumin and dextran), measured in peripartal plasma of dams and their offspring and colostrum whey; mammary gland nucleic acids and skin allograft rejection.
Lysine was found to be the first limiting amino acid in sorghum protein fed to gravid swine when whole body response criteria (i.e., nitrogen balance, reproductive performance, milk production) or plasma protein, albumin and urea nitrogen were used. The response to threonine supplementation was not definite, however, immunoglobulin G consistently responded to the threonine addition when measured in the plasma of parturient sows and gilts. This response to threonine was not observed in colostrum or piglet plasma. Contrasting results were obtained when specific antibody binding activity was measured. Sows fed threonine supplemented sorghum diets had higher antibody titers vs. bovine serum albumin in both plasma and colostrum, however the titer in piglet plasma responded positively to lysine supplementation during gestation. Sows fed lysine-supplemented gestation diets rejected skin allografts more quickly indicating a stronger immune response.
When litters from experimental sows were subjected to cold stress, survival rate was improved by lysine supplementation but not by threonine supplementation during gestation.
Our results indicate that if a sorghum based diet is supplemented with lysine during the second half of gestation, reproductive performance is not different from that obtained with a sorghum diet supplemented with soybean meal. The effect of threonine on immunoglobulin G had no measurable consequences for the dam or offspring, although threonine appeared to be the first limiting amino acid for the maintenance of immunoglobulin G concentration.
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