The Utilization of Intact-Seed Oils by The Young Pig
Adams, Keith Leroy
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/69999
Description
Title
The Utilization of Intact-Seed Oils by The Young Pig
Author(s)
Adams, Keith Leroy
Issue Date
1982
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of the young pig to utilize the oil in high-oil corn, soybeans and sunflower seeds. Data from the 4 balance trials were corrected for endogenous fecal fat by regressing total grams fat consumed against total grams fat excreted and using the respective Y intercepts as the estimates of endogenous fecal fat. There were no significant differences in uncorrected fat, dry matter or protein digestibilities due to method of feeding (ad libitum vs restricted, equal fed). The oil in the roasted soybeans was less digestible than that in sunflower seeds. The level of oil in the diet, up to 21%, did not significantly affect corrected fat digestibility; however, later work with dehulled sunflower seeds did indicate that above that level digestibility might decrease. Increasing the protein level of the diet resulted in a small, but significant (P < .025), decrease in oil digestibility. Changing the relative amounts of oil and protein in the diet affected gain and the relative body composition of the pigs but did not affect total body dry matter or total body calories. Metabolizable energy values (kcal/kg) for cornstarch (3588), soybean meal (3023) and sunflower seeds (3984) were estimated. Compared to their respective extracted seed oils, the intact-seed oils were less (P < .001) digestible. The roasted soybeans and sunflower seeds tended to separate out in the stomach and the consumption of the extracted oil diets resulted in a higher percentage of moisture in the stomach and higher plasma lipid levels 4 h after consuming the diet. Rates or sites of intestinal absorption of the intact and extracted oils and of specific fatty acids were similar between intact-seed and extracted oils. Roasting sunflower seeds tended to reduce their digestibility. Extruding the soybeans increased (P < .001) their digestibility as compared to roasting. Slightly increasing the fineness of grind of the soybeans did not significantly affect digestibility.
In conclusion, the soils in high-oil corn, soybeans and sunflower seeds were shown to be highly digestible (80%). Although of lower digestibilities than the respective extracted oils, their use as sources of supplemental fat in swine diets would eliminate the handling, storing and mixing problems encountered with high levels of added fats or oils in swine diets.
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