Nutritional and immunological outcomes as affected by a novel carbohydrate complex composed of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides and arabinoxylan

Faber, Trevor

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/31042 Copy

Description

Title

Nutritional and immunological outcomes as affected by a novel carbohydrate complex composed of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides and arabinoxylan

Author(s)

Faber, Trevor

Issue Date

2012-05-22T00:23:58Z

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

Fahey, George C.

Doctoral Committee Chair(s)

Fahey, George C.

Committee Member(s)

• Dilger, Ryan N.
• Parsons, Carl M.
• Tappenden, Kelly A.

Department of Study

Animal Sciences

Discipline

Animal Sciences

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

Ph.D.

Degree Level

Dissertation

Keyword(s)

• Galactoglucomannan oligosaccharide
• Dietary Fiber
• Eimeria acervulina
• Salmonella typhimurium
• In vitro fermentation
• Prebiotic

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate a novel galactoglucomannan oligosaccharide-arabinoxylan (GGMO-AX) complex for properties that could positively impact nutritional and immunological outcomes. Five studies were designed to address three major research objectives: 1) determine the structural and chemical composition of the GGMO-AX substrate and select fractions, 2) determine the hydrolytic digestibility and fermentative capacity of the GGMO-AX substrate in vitro and in vivo, and 3) determine the immunological effects of GGMO-AX in a pathogen-challenged avian model. Study 1 evaluated the structural composition of the GGMO-AX components as determined by a combination of limited hydrolysis, monosaccharide composition and linkage analysis, size exclusion fractionation and MALDITOF/ MS analysis of component GGMO, and 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Study 2 evaluated the hydrolytic digestibility, fermentative capacity, and microbiota modulating properties of GGMO-AX and four fractions of GGMO-AX. Study 3 evaluated nutritional effects and prebiotic potential of spray-dried GGMO-AX when added to canine diets and tested in a doseresponse experiment. Studies 4 and 5 determined the effects of supplemental GGMO-AX in diets with emphasis on growth performance, fermentative effects, and immune indices in an avian model challenged with an acute coccidial (Eimeria acervulina; EA) or Salmonella typhimurium (ST) infection. Results indicated that GGMOs have a degree of polymerization (DP) from 4 to 13, with the major component being DP 5-8. The structure of these oligosaccharides is a β-1,4-linked backbone of Man and Glc residues, with occasional α-1,6 branching by single galactosyl units. The GGMO-AX substrate is resistant to hydrolytic digestion, well-fermented, and positively modulates microbial populations as measured in vitro and in vivo. When chicks were challenged with EA, a strain of avian coccidiosis, and iii supplemented with select concentrations of GGMO-AX, chick performance was decreased, but GGMO-AX supplementation improved select fermentation indices and the innate intestinal immune response. During a ST infection, GGMO-AX elicited a prebiotic effect and appeared to decrease the virulence of the ST within the digestive tract, but did not limit ST intestinal colonization or shedding. Overall, GGMO-AX appears to be well fermented in vitro and in vivo and able to elicit a prebiotic effect in select animal models. Dietary GGMO-AX supplementation is able to improve the innate immune response to an EA infection and potentially decrease ST virulence.

Graduation Semester

2012-05

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http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31042

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2012 Trevor Austin Faber

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