University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Nutritional evaluation of fermented soybean meal fed to weanling pigs

Rojas Martinez, Oscar

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RojasMartinez_Oscar.pdf

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/30995

Description

Title
Nutritional evaluation of fermented soybean meal fed to weanling pigs
Author(s)
Rojas Martinez, Oscar
Issue Date
2012-05-22T00:20:40Z
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Stein, Hans H.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
M.S.
Degree Level
Thesis
Date of Ingest
2012-05-22T00:20:40Z
Keyword(s)
  • Key words: amino acid digestibility
  • energy
  • fermented soybean meal
  • phosphorous digestibility
  • pigs
  • soybean meal.
Abstract
Three experiments were conducted to determine P, AA, and energy digestibility in fermented soybean meal (FSBM), conventional soybean meal (SBM-CV), and fish meal. Three growth performance experiments were also conducted using the values for the digestibility of P, AA, and energy determined in the initial 3 experiments to formulate diets. The objective of Exp. 1 was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P without or with the addition of microbial phytase (Optiphos 2000, Enzyvia, Sheridan, IN) in FSBM and SBM-CV. Four diets were formulated to contain FSBM or SBM-CV and either 0 or 800 units/kg of microbial phytase. The only sources of P in these diets were FSBM and SBM-CV. A P-free diet that was used to estimate basal endogenous losses of P was also formulated. The ATTD and STTD of P were greater (P < 0.01) in FSBM than in SBM-CV if no phytase was used, but that was not the case if phytase was added to the diet (soybean meal × phytase interaction: P < 0.01). The objectives of experiments 2 and 3 were to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) and the concentration of DE, ME, and NE in FSBM, SBM-CV, and fish meal, respectively. In Exp. 2, 3 cornstarch-based diets were formulated with FSBM, SBM-CV, or fish meal as the only source of AA in each diet. A N-free diet that was used to estimate basal endogenous losses of CP and AA was also formulated. The SID of all indispensable AA except Lys, Thr, and Trp was greater (P < 0.01) in FSBM than in fish meal. The SID of Met and Val were also greater (P < 0.05) in FSBM than in SBM-CV, but for the remaining indispensable AA, no differences between FSBM and SBM-CV were observed. In experiment 3, a corn-based diet consisting of 96.4% corn and vitamins and minerals was formulated. Three additional diets containing corn and each of the experimental ingredients (FSBM, SBM-CV, and fish meal, respectively) were also formulated. The concentrations of DE, ME, and NE in SBM-CV were 4,553, 4,137, and 3,193 kcal/kg DM. These values were greater (P < 0.01) than the DE, ME, and NE in FSBM (4,296, 3,781, and 2,951 kcal/kg DM), corn (3,951, 3,819, and 2,864 kcal/kg DM), and fish meal (3,827, 3,412, and 2,626 kcal/kg DM). However, FSBM contained more DE, ME, and NE (P < 0.01) than fish meal and more DE than corn (P < 0.01). The objective of Exp. 4, 5, and 6 was to test the hypothesis that FSBM can replace animal protein sources in diets fed to weanling pigs during the initial 28 d post-weaning. Results from the 3 experiments indicated that inclusion of 10% FSBM may replace fish meal, chicken meal (CM), or poultry by-product meal (PBM) without impacting ADG, ADFI, or final BW of the pigs. However, in 1 of the 3 experiments, it was observed that G:F was less for pigs fed FSBM than for pigs fed fish meal, but it was also observed that during the first week post-weaning, FSBM could not replace protein plasma and whey powder without negatively impacting pig growth performance. In conclusion, FSBM contains more digestible P than SBM-CV, which reduced the need for inclusion of inorganic P in diets containing FSBM. Likewise, fermentation of SBM-CV reduces DE, ME, and NE, but does not affect AA digestibility and FSBM may replace fish meal, CM, and PBM in diets fed to pigs during the initial 28 d post-weaning without affecting pig growth performance except that G:F may be reduced.
Graduation Semester
2012-05
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/30995
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 2012 Oscar Rojas Martinez

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