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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/25859
Description
Title
The velocity of sound in solid krypton
Author(s)
Kupperman, David Sander
Issue Date
1970
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Simmons, R.O.
Department of Study
Physics
Discipline
Physics
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
sound velocity
solid krypton
ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements
Language
en
Abstract
"Ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements have been carried out on specimens
of solid krypton prepared in a rigid-tail helium cryostat. Values were
obtained from polycrystalline specimens for longitudinal sound waves from
52 to 115 K and transverse sound waves from 95 to 115 K, and from a single
crystal for longitudinal sound waves travelling in a nearly (110) direction
from 94-114 K. Extrapolations to 0 K of polycrystalline velocities are
consistent with previous deductions made from measurements of bulk modulus
and heat capacity. The present velocity results are compared with model
calculations based on m-6 Mie-Lennard~Jones pair potentials but there is only
fair agreement. The adiabatic bulk modulus was obtained from the longitudinal
and transverse polycrystalline velocities. The agreement between the model
calculations and experimental values of the bulk modulus is again only fair.
From. the:present bulk modulus values, the Gruneisen parameter of
solid krypton was evaluated. From the longitudinal velocity in the nearly
(110) direction and the polycrystalline velocities the second-order elastic
constants were determined at 114 K. The difference c12 - c44 was also estimated
at temperatures 0 K and near the triple point.
From the difference between the present ""lattice"" compressibility
results and other measurements of the ""bulk"" isothermal compressibility, the
thermal vacancy concentration in solid krypton has been determined. The
agreement with previous measurements of vacancies by direct means is good.
An examination of all the data now available for solid krypton
indicates that no single existing model describes successfully both the high
and low temperature thermoelastic properties of this substance."
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