Characterization of six photoautotrophic plant cell lines and assessment of changes after long-term continuous culture
Goldstein, Cindy Susan
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/23540
Description
Title
Characterization of six photoautotrophic plant cell lines and assessment of changes after long-term continuous culture
Author(s)
Goldstein, Cindy Susan
Issue Date
1994
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Widholm, Jack M.
Department of Study
Biology, Botany
Agriculture, Plant Culture
Biology, Plant Physiology
Discipline
Biology, Botany
Agriculture, Plant Culture
Biology, Plant Physiology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Date of Ingest
2011-05-07T14:18:00Z
Keyword(s)
Biology, Botany
Agriculture, Plant Culture
Biology, Plant Physiology
Language
eng
Abstract
Photoautotrophic cells are chlorophyllous plant cells grown with no sugars and minimal or no organic carbon in the culture medium. These cells are photosynthetic and are capable of light-dependent CO$\sb2$ fixation. Our laboratory has initiated and continued to grow several different species of photoautotrophs under strict photoautotrophic conditions including Amaranthus powellii, Datura innoxia, Glycine max, and Gossypium hirsutum cell lines, as well as a Nicotiana tabacum-glutinosa fusion hybrid line. These cells have high levels of chiropodies, ranging from approximately 500 $\mu$g/g fresh weight for the photoautotrophic Nicotiana cells to as high as 4000 $\mu$g/g fresh weight for G. max and G. hirsutum cells. The chlorophyll contents of these cells have reached levels much higher than that described in the literature for other photoautotrophic culture lines. The photoautotrophic cells primarily carry out C$\sb3$ photosynthesis, fixing CO$\sb2$ primarily via RuBP carboxylase through the Calvin Cycle. Culture lines often had high levels of PEP carboxylase activity in the first year following culture initiation, with a decrease in PEP carboxylase activity and an increase in RuBP carboxylase activity over a seven to ten year time period. The ratio of RuBP carboxylase activity to PEP carboxylase activity has likewise increased the longer the cells have been selected for continuous culture in a photoautotrophic environment. The percent activation of RuBP carboxylase has increased from activation levels of below 50% to levels of 70-80% for all of the photoautotrophic culture lines except D. innoxia. The photosynthetic capacity of the cells has increased over a 5 to 7 year time period, as well, with increasing rates of carboxylase activity as chlorophyll content has continued to increase.
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