Construction of comparative and framework linkage maps for the identification of quantitative trait loci in cattle
Beever, Jonathan Edward
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/23324
Description
Title
Construction of comparative and framework linkage maps for the identification of quantitative trait loci in cattle
Author(s)
Beever, Jonathan Edward
Issue Date
1996
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Lewin, Harris A.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Genetics
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition
Language
eng
Abstract
Eleven loci that map to human chromosome 1 (HSA1) were selected to extend the bovine-human comparative gene map. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) or single strand conformational polymorphisms (SSCP) were identified in the bovine genes for medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADM), liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), amylase 1 (AMY1), antithrombin III (AT3), Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma (v-fgr) oncogene homolog (FGR), alpha-L-fucosidase 1 (FUCA 1), interleukin 10 (1L10), myogenin (MYOG), phoshogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), and the $\beta$ subunit of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHB). The identified polymorphisms were used to map the loci using the paternal half-sib families of the Illinois Reference/Resource Families (IRRF). Results showed ALPL, FGR and FUCA1 mapped to BTA2, ACADM, AMY1 and TSHB mapped to BTA3, and AT3, IL10, MYOG and PGD mapped to BTA16. Additionally, bovine NPPA mapped to BTA16 using somatic cell hybrid analysis. Comparison of the bovine genetic maps to humans and the mouse reveals both similarities and differences between the species.
A report of the first workshop on the genetic map of bovine chromosome 23 (BTA23) is given. Data from 28 loci were contributed by five laboratories and included a total of 11,543 informative genotypes. The combined pedigrees represented 1,930 potentially informative meioses. Eighteen of the 28 loci were common to two or more data sets and were used to construct a framework linkage map of BTA23. Twelve of the 18 common loci could be ordered on the linkage map with a likelihood ratio $>$1000:1. The sex-averaged, female and male maps span 54.5, 52.7 and 55.8 cM, respectively. Sex-specific differences in recombination frequency were identified for eight pairs of framework loci. Average genetic distance between framework loci on the sex-averaged map is 5.0 cM.
Eight paternal halfsib families were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting six traits in beef cattle. Traits included birth weight (BW), adjusted weaning (AWW) and yearling weights (AYW), frame score (FRM), pelvic width (PEL) and scrotal circumference (SCT). A total of 207 genetic markers distributed among all 29 bovine autosomes were used for analyses. The average number of heterozygous markers per sire was 125. Statistical analyses were performed as single-marker ANOVA and multiple marker maximum likelihood methods. Results indicate the presence of QTL candidates on chromosomes 6, 12, 17, 18, 19, 21 and 23 that may affect one or more growth traits in beef cattle. Furthermore, the association of markers on BTA12 with AWW confirms a previously reported QTL for preweaning growth associated with the bovine B erythrocyte antigen locus.
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