Lysine levels and ideal ratios of amino acids for finishing pigs
Hahn, Joseph Donald
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/22576
Description
Title
Lysine levels and ideal ratios of amino acids for finishing pigs
Author(s)
Hahn, Joseph Donald
Issue Date
1994
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Baker, David H.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition
Language
eng
Abstract
"Experiments were conducted to determine the ideal digestible lysine (Lys) requirements for early (EF = 50 to 90 kg) and late (LF = 90 to 110 kg) finishing barrows and gilts. The basal diets were reduced crude protein (CP), amino acid fortified basal diets which contained 11% and 10% CP for the EF and LF periods, respectively. Response criteria were fitted to a rectilinear ""broken-line"" model, and break-points were utilized to estimate a Lys requirement. Digestible Lys requirement estimates based on the average of the requirements for daily gain, gain:feed ratio, loin-eye area, 10th rib fat depth, lean gain, and plasma urea N were.58% for EF barrows and.64% for EF gilts. Digestible Lys requirement estimates based on the average of the requirements for daily gain, gain:feed ratio, lean gain, and plasma urea N were.49% for LF barrows and.52% for LF gilts."
A combined EF and LF growth trial and a LF metabolism trial were conducted to compare performance, carcass composition, and N retention of pigs fed diets containing either the ideal ratios of threonine (65%), tryptophan (18%), and sulfur amino acids (60%) to Lys for young pigs, or the ideal ratios of threonine (70%), tryptophan (20%), and sulfur amino acids (65%) to Lys proposed for finishing pigs. The proposed ratios for the finishing pig increased (P $<$.08) whole-body and carcass protein concentrations relative to the ideal ratios for young pigs, and also increased (P $<$.10) rates of protein accretion. In the metabolism trial, the proposed ratios increased (P $<$.05) all measures of N retention.
Two combined EF and LF growth trials were conducted to determine the effects of feeding two CP regimens on performance and carcass composition. Dietary treatments were the combination of a 14.5% CP diet in EF with a 13.5% CP diet in LF, or a 17.0% CP diet for both EF and LF. Diet effects were tested in two housing systems (Trial 1 = 2 pigs/pen with 2.2 m$\sp2$ of floor space/pig; Trial 2 = 9 pigs/pen with.65 m$\sp2$ of floor space/pig). Daily gain, gain:feed ratio, loin-eye area, and 10th-rib backfat were not affected by dietary treatment in either trial. Daily gain and daily lean gain were reduced in trial 2 relative to trial 1. Increased levels of Lys and CP had no effect on the performance or carcass composition of pigs raised under research or commercial conditions.
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