University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

An in vitro system for selection and characterization of acifluorfen-tolerant Solanaceous plants

Yu, Chang Yeon

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Description

Title
An in vitro system for selection and characterization of acifluorfen-tolerant Solanaceous plants
Author(s)
Yu, Chang Yeon
Issue Date
1991
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Masiunas, John B.
Department of Study
  • Agriculture, Plant Culture
  • Biology, Plant Physiology
Discipline
  • Agriculture, Plant Culture
  • Biology, Plant Physiology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
  • Agriculture, Plant Culture
  • Biology, Plant Physiology
Language
eng
Abstract
  • Callus growth and shoot regeneration from long-term cultured Solanaceous genotypes depended on the genotype, growth regulators, and thiamine concentrations. Most Solanaceous genotypes produced more shoots and better shoot growth on high than low levels of thiamine. The effect of thidiazuron on callus growth and shoot regeneration differed depending on the genotype. Shoot regeneration of Solanum sp. was more effective on medium with thidiazuron than with IAA and BA while growth of L. peruvianum accessions was stimulated by IAA and BA. Somaclones regenerated varied in leaf shape, flower morphology, flower color, and fertility. Variation depended on genotype, with some changes heritable over 2 generations of selfing, and others due to differences in ploidy.
  • Twenty-five acifluorfen-tolerant S. ptycanthum cell lines were isolated by stepwise selection. Acifluorfen-tolerant callus lines regenerated shoots and many of the regenerated somaclones were variants, differing in leaf morphology, flower morphology, and fertility. The acifluorfen tolerance of somaclones regenerated from selected callus lines of S. ptycanthum depended on the somaclone. Tolerance to acifluorfen was inherited either as a semidominant or recessive trait.
  • Further investigations determined the tolerance mechanisms. When a cross-resistance experiment was conducted, eight of ten acifluorfen-tolerant S. ptycanthum somaclones had greater tolerance to oxyfluorfen than the unselected control plant. Most acifluorfen tolerant somaclones were tolerant to diquat but susceptible to paraquat. There was no difference in acifluorfen uptake between the unselected controls and selected somaclones. More $\sp{14}$C-acifluorfen was translocated in the unselected control (EBN) than in the selected somaclones. The unselected control (EBN) did not metabolize acifluorfen while some of the tolerant somaclones metabolized the herbicide.
Type of Resource
text
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http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22569
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 1991 Yu, Chang-Yeon

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