Effects of wheat streak mosaic virus and interactions with other cereal viruses on wheat

Muratoti, Sharmila

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/22020 Copy

Description

Title

Effects of wheat streak mosaic virus and interactions with other cereal viruses on wheat

Author(s)

Muratoti, Sharmila

Issue Date

1996

Doctoral Committee Chair(s)

Hewings, A.D.

Department of Study

Crop Sciences

Discipline

Crop Sciences

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

Ph.D.

Degree Level

Dissertation

Keyword(s)

• Agriculture, Agronomy
• Biology, Microbiology
• Agriculture, Plant Pathology

Language

eng

Abstract

Yield loss due to disease results from complex interactions between disease development and growth and development of plants. The effects of an Illinois isolate of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) on yield of selected hard red spring wheat and soft red winter wheat cultivars were evaluated in three studies. In spring and fall of 1993 and 1994, twenty hard red spring wheat cultivars and fourteen soft winter wheat cultivars were planted in yield plots with three replications in a randomised complete block (RCB) design. Seedlings were mechanically inoculated at Feeke's growth stage 2 using an air brush. Controls were non-inoculated plots. Symptoms were rated every 7-8 days beginning one week after inoculation using a 0 to 5 scale, where 0 was no symptoms and 5 was severe stunting and chlorosis. The grain yield, 1,000 kernel weight and plant height were analyzed. There were significant differences among some cultivars for all the traits. Yield reductions in 1993 were greater than in 1994 which may have been caused by the differences in the environmental conditions. In the second study the response of three hard red spring wheat cultivars and four soft winter wheat cultivars when inoculated at different growth stages with WSMV were evaluated in yield plots in a RCB design with 3 replications. Seedlings were mechanically inoculated using an air brush at Feeke's growth stages of 2, 4, 6 and 8. Controls were noninoculated plots. Symptoms were rated as above. The response of the wheat cultivars to inoculation with WSMV at different growth stages was significant (Pr $>$ F = 0.0001) using repeated measures analysis. Analysis using ANOVA and FLSD mean separation showed significant differences in grain yield, 1000 kernel weight and height (P $<$ 0.05) within the cultivars. Butte 86, a tolerant variety, showed less reduction in yield at all growth stages when compared with Marshall and Wheaton. Using the same experimental design and treatments, interaction effects of WSMV and wheat soil-borne mosaic virus (WSBMV) was also evaluated with WSBMV. The effects of both the viruses were severe in 1994-95 and the plots had very low yields. In the third study the analysis of the interactions study between cereal viruses was expanded with the addition of PAV strain of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) and brome mosaic virus (BMV). Agronomic traits, and the virus titers were evaluated in the greenhouse. Four different hosts, Marshall, Michigan Amber, (wheat cultivars), Clintland 64 (oats) and Hudson Barley were used. The cultivars were planted in pots using a RCB design with three replications. In one set of treatments the plants were inoculated first mechanically with BMV (bromovirus), WSMV (potyvirus), BYDV-PAV (luteovirus) and then seven to eight days later with the second set of virus. After the second inoculation, the titers of the four viruses were evaluated by ELISA at every one, two, and six weeks, after inoculation and before harvest. The cultivars responded differently to the different inoculations, and the agronomic traits were affected severely by mixed infections of the different viruses.

Type of Resource

text

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http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22020

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 1996 Muratoti, Sharmila

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