2,3-Butanediol production from whey permeate using immobilized cell systems
Martinez, Sarah Baradas
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/21834
Description
Title
2,3-Butanediol production from whey permeate using immobilized cell systems
Author(s)
Martinez, Sarah Baradas
Issue Date
1989
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Speckman, Ray A.
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Witter, Lloyd D.
Committee Member(s)
Cheryan, Munir
Siedler, Arthur J.
Wei, Lun-Shin
Department of Study
Food Science
Discipline
Food Science
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Microbiology
Language
eng
Abstract
This research sought to improve 2,3-butanediol production from whey permeate by using immobilized cell systems. Two types of immobilized cell systems were developed for substrate hydrolysis and the fermentation: a $\beta$-galactosidase-active biocatalyst consisting of non-viable cells of Kluyveromyces fragilis and immobilized cells of Bacillus polymyxa.
Non-viable yeast cells with minimum protease activity and optimum $\beta$-galactosidase activity were obtained by careful control of heat and solvent permeabilization. The cells were immobilized by adsorption onto a diatomite carrier. Cell and carrier surface charge were studied to better understand the adsorption process. Lactose hydrolysis of up to 85% could be attained. This is comparable to the hydrolysis obtained when soluble enzymes are used.
For fermentation purposes, the hydrolyzed whey permeate was further supplemented with yeast extract and acetate for better productivity and increased gel stability. Cells of B. polymyxa were immobilized in calcium alginate. The properties of the calcium alginate gel was studied for maximum stability in batch and continuous fermentations. A continuous stirred tank reactor was designed and used for the fermentation. Volumetric productivities of up to 14.7 g/l.hr could be achieved at a dilution rate of 1.03 hr$\sp{-1}$, with 93.3% substrate concentration, 0.53 molar yield and a product concentration of 14.12 g/l.
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