Germplasm enhancement and improvement of evaluation methodology for barley yellow dwarf disease in winter wheat
Bauske, Ellen M.
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/21618
Description
Title
Germplasm enhancement and improvement of evaluation methodology for barley yellow dwarf disease in winter wheat
Author(s)
Bauske, Ellen M.
Issue Date
1992
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Hewings, A.D.
Department of Study
Crop Sciences
Discipline
Crop Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Agronomy
Agriculture, Plant Pathology
Language
eng
Abstract
Progeny from three cycles of a modified recurrent selection scheme were field tested to determine the effectiveness of this strategy for improving tolerance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV-IL) in a winter wheat population. Symptom severity was not reduced by the selection scheme. The percentage yield of the control was unaffected by the selection scheme. Little genetic variability of symptom expression was detected in the three cycles and the parent population.
The effects of initial dosage of BYDV on symptom expression in spring oats and winter wheat was determined. Zero to 126 Rhopalosiphum padi vectoring BYDV-PAV-IL were placed on four oat and four wheat cultivars. At an early disease evaluation all oat cultivars showed a linear response to increasing dosage. At a later disease rating, the response of Don, Hazel, and Ogle was curvilinear, suggesting a threshold of approximately 54 aphids/hill. IL86-5262 had a linear response at the late evaluation. Yield of Hazel and Ogle was unaffected by increasing dosage. The wheat cultivars Abe and Cardinal responded linearly at early evaluation while the response of Caldwell was curvilinear with a threshold of 90 aphids/hill. Yield was affected similarly. No dosage effects were detected on Abe. In wheat cultivars symptom expression at heading was unaffected by dosage.
The results of seven uniformity trials on two brands of microplates, with two monoclonal triple-antibody-sandwich ELISA systems done by two operators indicate that absorbance values were affected by plate brand and operator technique. Several arrangements of 48 treatments with two replications were imposed on the plates. When replications of a treatment were paired in either rows or columns, differences between treatment means were confounded with row and column differences found on the plates, indicating the need for an experimental design. Both the randomized complete block (RCB) design and the alpha (0,1) one restrictional resolvable incomplete block design (alpha design) allowed for more precision than the completely randomized design. The alpha design was more effective than the RCB design.
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