Spray characteristics of throttle body fuel injection
Kirwan, John Edward
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/20969
Description
Title
Spray characteristics of throttle body fuel injection
Author(s)
Kirwan, John Edward
Issue Date
1989
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Peters, James E.
Department of Study
Mechanical Science and Engineering
Discipline
Mechanical Engineering
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Engineering, Mechanical
Language
eng
Abstract
A research program was undertaken to characterize the spray behavior of a throttle body injection system. Qualitative data were obtained using photomicrography, schlieren photography and videotape. Additionally, the laser based Phase/Doppler Particle Analyzer was used throughout the investigation to make spatially resolved quantitative measurements of droplet size and velocity and fuel volume flux. Spray data were first collected from both an externally mounted ball and an externally mounted pintle injector under steady operation and over a range of injector duty cycles common in engine operation. In subsequent experiments, spray characteristics were measured at the throttle body exit under simulated engine conditions. The study also included correlation of experimental spray results with performance data from throttle body injected engines and a preliminary numerical simulation using the FLUENT finite difference model.
Spray data from externally mounted injectors showed appreciable differences in spray behavior with injector type and duty cycle. Data obtained at the throttle body exit indicated strong interactions between the fuel spray, the throttle body and the air flow. No difference was seen between injector type. A well atomized fuel mist was produced under part throttle conditions which suggested an air blast atomization mechanism was occurring. At wide open throttle, larger mean drop sizes were present at the throttle body exit and up to 60 per cent of the fuel was estimated to be leaving the throttle body by dripping from its walls.
Finally, throttle body exit spray data were compared with throttle body injected engine behavior. Part throttle engine loads showed less variation in stoichiometry between cylinders than did wide open throttle cases. The ability of the smaller drops produced at the part throttle conditions to more easily track the air flow suggests a reason for this phenomenon.
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