The effects of dietary protein source on the development of cholesterol metabolism
Larson, Mary Rose
This item is only available for download by members of the University of Illinois community. Students, faculty, and staff at the U of I may log in with your NetID and password to view the item. If you are trying to access an Illinois-restricted dissertation or thesis, you can request a copy through your library's Inter-Library Loan office or purchase a copy directly from ProQuest.
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/20317
Description
Title
The effects of dietary protein source on the development of cholesterol metabolism
Author(s)
Larson, Mary Rose
Issue Date
1995
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Erdman, John W.
Department of Study
Nutritional Sciences
Discipline
Nutritional Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Chemistry, Biochemistry
Health Sciences, Nutrition
Language
eng
Abstract
A large body of literature exists regarding the effects of dietary protein on blood lipids in adult humans and animals; however, little is known of the action that protein source may have on cholesterol levels in infants. The research of this thesis addresses the following questions; (1) do infant formula proteins affect blood lipids in young animals, (2) is there a permanent response of protein consumed during childhood on adult cholesterol metabolism, and (3) what mechanisms mediate the blood lipid response to dietary protein? In a study which examined the effects of varying casein and whey proteins fed to rabbits during post-weaning, it was determined that a diet of 40% casein and 60% whey protein elevated blood lipids compared to consumption of greater proportions of casein (p $<$.05); however, following a cholesterol challenge (0.4%) in adulthood there was no persistent blood lipid response though hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis was elevated in the 40:60-consumers (p $<$.05). Examination of an earlier period in development using the neonatal piglet as a model showed that consumption of increasing proportions of whey protein decreased blood cholesterol concentrations (p $<$.05), and increased weight gain (p $<$.05). 100% casein consumption also decreased hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis (p $<$.05). Furthermore, glucagon and cortisol were possible mediators of the blood and liver responses, as they were also elevated in 100% casein-consumers (p $<$.001). Another experiment fed hydrolyzed soy protein, and casein:whey ratios of 80:20 or 40:60 to neonatal piglets. Soy-fed piglets had significantly lower blood cholesterol levels (p $<$.10), higher HDL:LDL ratios than casein:whey-fed animals (p $<$.10), and decreased body weight (p $<$.10). The association between these findings and a hepatic mechanism could not be clearly defined. In conclusion, blood lipids in young animals are effected by consumption of the infant formula proteins; hydrolyzed soy, casein, and whey. However, the mechanism whereby protein affects cholesterol concentrations remains to be determined. Furthermore, a direct relationship between blood cholesterol levels during childhood and adult risk of atherosclerosis is unclear.
Use this login method if you
don't
have an
@illinois.edu
email address.
(Oops, I do have one)
IDEALS migrated to a new platform on June 23, 2022. If you created
your account prior to this date, you will have to reset your password
using the forgot-password link below.
