The effect of varying mixtures of soybean and cereals on the landing rates of aphid vectors and spread of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV)
Fondufe, Gwendolyne Y.
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/19979
Description
Title
The effect of varying mixtures of soybean and cereals on the landing rates of aphid vectors and spread of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV)
Author(s)
Fondufe, Gwendolyne Y.
Issue Date
1995
Department of Study
Entomology
Discipline
Entomology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Biology, Entomology
Agriculture, Plant Pathology
Language
eng
Abstract
The goal of this study was to understand the influence of varying soybean/cereal mixtures on the incidence and spatial spread patterns of foregut-borne non-persistently transmitted plant viruses such as soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), and also on the landing rates of the aphid vectors that transmit them. The uniqueness of this study is that it gives an insight as to how the same aphids spread two foregut-borne non-persistently transmitted viruses in the same cropping system. This study is important because it begins to identify the factors underlying virus spread, thereby contributing to the already existing management strategies for virus diseases and their vectors.
The model developed by Ruesink & Irwin (1986) to evaluate the effect of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) on soybean yield and seed transmission was used to predict SMV epidemics. Computed values from the model were compared to the progress ot observed epidemics in soybean monoculture and soybean-sorghum or soybean-maize mixtures during the 1990 and 1991 field seasons.
Non-hosts of SMV and MDMV in the system played an extremely important role in reducing the spread of both viruses in time and in space and probably overcame any disadvantage associated with increased aphid landing rates. Non-host plants of the virus in mixed cropping systems can therefore be recommended as a management strategy to minimize aphid-borne non-persistently transmitted plant viruses. Latent periods, the number of moves an aphid makes before leaving the field (which are likely different for each aphid species), and k values are subject to changes depending on the physiological state of the crop and environmental conditions. Therefore, this model cannot be used in its present form to predict the amount of SMV spread in a given region or given year.
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