Body composition changes resulting from participation in a high protein-very low calorie diet program at two levels of caloric intake
Pritschet, Brian Lee
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/19781
Description
Title
Body composition changes resulting from participation in a high protein-very low calorie diet program at two levels of caloric intake
Author(s)
Pritschet, Brian Lee
Issue Date
1994
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Slaughter, Mary H.
Department of Study
Kinesiology and Community Health
Discipline
Kinesiology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Education, Physical
Health Sciences, Nutrition
Education, Health
Language
eng
Abstract
This investigation examined the magnitude and pattern of change in select measures of body size and composition in obese women who were on a high protein-very low calorie diet at two levels of caloric intake for twelve weeks. Subjects consumed a liquid diet preparation consisting of 420 kcal/day (group 1, n = 10) or 800 kcal/day (group 2, n = 7). Measures of height, weight, body density (hydrostatic weighing), total body bone mineral content (dual-energy radiography), and total body water (deuterium dilution) were performed. Percent fat was calculated from body density with adjustments for variability in the body water and mineral content. Measures were made at four-week intervals during the twelve week diet period. There was a significant decrease in body weight, body mass index, and fat weight during all time intervals. The fat-free body (FFB) decreased only during the first two intervals (eight weeks) while body water demonstrated a significant decrease during the first four weeks only. The mineral content showed a small decrease that reached significance during the last four weeks. The fat-free body residual decreased significantly between weeks four and eight in group 1 only. There was a significant group by time interval interaction for the fat-free body residual during the last four weeks with group 2 showing a mean increase and group 1 showing a mean decrease. When expressed as change relative to baseline values, group 1 showed a significantly greater reduction in weight, fat weight, and FFB-residual as compared with group 2. These results indicate that the two levels of caloric intake stimulate similar changes in body size and composition with the exception that there was a small though statistically insignificant increase in FFB-residual in group 2 compared with a small significant loss in group 1. These findings suggest that an 800 kcal/day high protein-very low calorie diet program may be as effective as diets with lower caloric intakes in terms of weight and fat loss and may offer the additional benefit of greater protein sparing.
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