Specific intermolecular interactions for tailoring supercritical fluid solutions
Ekart, Michael Paul
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/19592
Description
Title
Specific intermolecular interactions for tailoring supercritical fluid solutions
Author(s)
Ekart, Michael Paul
Issue Date
1992
Department of Study
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Discipline
Chemical Engineering
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Engineering, Chemical
Language
eng
Abstract
Investigations of supercritical fluid solutions containing cosolvents are described; in addition, recommendations for future work to improve the understanding of these solutions are made.
A new chromatographic technique to measure cosolvent effects rapidly and accurately is detailed. With this technique, a large database of cosolvent effects was acquired for a variety of solutes and cosolvents in ethane. Different types of specific intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonding or charge transfer complex formation, were proposed to explain the observed cosolvent effects. Use of the chromatograph to measure solvent effects and solubilities is also discussed.
Techniques to model solutions with chemical interactions are reviewed. A new chemical-physical model is developed and applied to supercritical fluid solutions to describe solute-solvent and solute-cosolvent interactions. Finally, the supercritical fluid extraction of nonionic surfactants is discussed. Experimental results for diverse fluids were used to model a multistage extraction.
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