Inheritance and incidence of atresia coli in Holstein cattle
Syed, Mirajuddin
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/19438
Description
Title
Inheritance and incidence of atresia coli in Holstein cattle
Author(s)
Syed, Mirajuddin
Issue Date
1991
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Shanks, Roger D.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition
Agriculture, Animal Pathology
Biology, Veterinary Science
Language
eng
Abstract
Incidence of atresia coli was monitored from 1974 through 1989 in the University of Illinois Holstein herd. This period comprised three phases. Phase I was the period from January, 1974 through August, 1983. The period from September, 1983 through March, 1986 was designated as phase II. The third phase was from April, 1986 through December, 1989. Frequency of atresia coli during phase I was.76%. A mating plan was implemented during phase II. Results revealed that atresia coli is inherited as homozygous recessive in Holstein cattle. Frequency of the abnormality of.36% during phase III was less than the frequency observed during phase I, which could be attributed to the smaller proportion of putative carriers among the selected bulls during phase III. Both phase I and phase III were periods of random matings with respect to atresia coli. More (P $<$.05) atresia coli calves were born from dams in which pregnancy was diagnosed early (before 41st day of gestation) than from dams in which pregnancy was diagnosed late (after 40th day of gestation). Results of planned matings conducted during 1990 (phase IV) were also consistent with the genetic hypothesis that atresia coli is controlled by a recessive gene in homozygous state. Six ancestors of the affected calves born in the University of Illinois Holstein herd occurred in pedigrees of atresia coli calves born in other Holstein herds in Illinois. A progenitor of atresia coli calves born in the University of Illinois Holstein herd was also present in pedigrees of several affected calves born in the Holstein herd of North Carolina State University. More (P $<$.01) calves were born dead or aborted among the affected calves than such cases among normal calves. Average frequency of the defective allele for atresia coli among females in the University of Illinois Holstein herd was.11 for the years 1979 through 1989. Minimum frequency of the defective allele among registered US Holstein females for the years 1978 through 1989 averaged.025. In conclusion, atresia coli is inherited in Holstein cattle. Early pregnancy diagnosis in dams may contribute to atresia coli in genetically predisposed calves.
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