Dynamics of energy and protein metabolism in the reproducing sow
Roos, Mark Alan
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/19301
Description
Title
Dynamics of energy and protein metabolism in the reproducing sow
Author(s)
Roos, Mark Alan
Issue Date
1989
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Easter, Robert A.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition
Language
eng
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine whether inadequate energy intake during lactation will affect the repletion of maternal energy and protein stores after weaning. Sows with inadequate energy intakes during lactation exhibited greater weight loss, lower P$\sb2$ backfat depth and leaf fat weight at the end of a 28 d lactation. In the subsequent 35 d postweaning period, the low-energy fed sows retained only 51.9% of the nitrogen retained by those sows fed the high-energy ration during lactation. Thus, inadequate energy intake during lactation reduces the repletion of maternal protein stores postweaning.
Serial evaluations of reproductive performance and body compositional changes in sows of two genotypes through the first three litters of their reproductive life revealed a net loss of both adipose and muscle tissue in each reproductive cycle. The rate of tissue depletion was greater in the prolific genotype than the conventional genotype. It is hypothesized, based on this work, that the remaining adipose and muscle tissue may not be sufficient for maintenance of long term reproductive health.
The effect of prebreeding treatments on reproduction associated changes in body composition and biochemical criteria was evaluated. A delay in the breeding of the gilt until the third estrus and provision of 3 kg rather than 2.5 kg of diet per day during rearing resulted in a greater number of pigs born and heavier piglet birth weights in the first litter. Those gilts fed more feed and bred on the third estrus also had greater leaf fat weights at d 28 of lactation. During the subsequent 35 d postweaning period, gilts fed 2.5 kg of feed during rearing retained more nitrogen than those receiving 3 kg on either of the breeding time treatments.
A nitrogen and energy balance experiment was conducted with females of two different genetic lines, Camborough-15 and standard rotational cross. They were fed either 8 Mcal or 16 Mcal of ME/d during lactation. The first-litter sows fed the low-energy ration had a negative energy balance and lost maternal weight and backfat during lactation. Furthermore, the genetic line did affect energy and nitrogen balance status of the lactating sow. However, in this experiment, ration had a greater effect on tissue depletion than did genetic background.
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