University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Comparative analysis of primate hydrogenotrophic microbiota

Nakamura, Noriko

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1_Nakamura_Noriko.pdf

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/16915

Description

Title
Comparative analysis of primate hydrogenotrophic microbiota
Author(s)
Nakamura, Noriko
Issue Date
2010-08-20T18:01:42Z
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Gaskins, H. Rex
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Gaskins, H. Rex
Committee Member(s)
  • Mackie, Roderick I.
  • Leigh, Steven R.
  • Stein, Hans H.
  • Dikeman, Cheryl L.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Date of Ingest
2010-08-20T18:01:42Z
Keyword(s)
  • hydrogenotrophic microbiota
  • primate
  • sulfate-reducing bacteria
  • methanogen
Abstract
In the human gastrointestinal system, dietary components, including fiber, that reach the colon are fermented principally to short-chain fatty acids, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Microbial disposal of the hydrogen generated during anaerobic fermentation in the human colon is critical to the functioning of this ecosystem. Methanogenesis by methanogenic Archaea and sulfate reduction by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are the major hydrogenotrophic pathways in the human colon. Hydrogen metabolism by these microbes has an important impact on the colonic health. Methanogenic status of mammals is suggested to be under evolutionary rather than dietary control. However, information is lacking regarding the dynamics of hydrogenotrophic microbial communities among different primate species. Here I analyzed the composition of methanogens and SRB in various species of primates using PCR-DGGE fingerprinting targeting Archaea and Desulfovibrionales 16S rDNA, clone library construction of Archaea 16S rDNA and mcrA gene, and quantitative real-time PCR targeting mcrA and dsrA genes. Functionality of methanogens was determined by detection of methane from in vitro incubation of fresh feces. The results showed that the host species-specific hydrogenotrophic microbiota can be observed in some, but not all, of the captive primate species. A human colonic methanogen, Methanobrevibacter smithii, was detected in all captive hominoid species, indicating high similarity of methanogenic microbiota among these primates and humans. Comparison of wild and captive primates indicated that captive condition can be a major determinant of hydrogenotrophic microbial composition that overrides the genetic or early environmental effects, indicating the importance of proper captive management on the maintenance of colonic health.
Graduation Semester
2010-08
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16915
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 2010 Noriko Nakamura

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Graduate Dissertations and Theses at Illinois PRIMARY
Graduate Theses and Dissertations at Illinois
Dissertations and Theses - Animal Sciences