Long-term osteointegration of BMP-2 eluting hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Maki, Aaron J.

Permalink

https://hdl.handle.net/2142/16015 Copy

Description

Title

Long-term osteointegration of BMP-2 eluting hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Author(s)

Maki, Aaron J.

Issue Date

2010-05-18T18:56:10Z

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

Wheeler, Matthew B.

Department of Study

Bioengineering

Discipline

Bioengineering

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

M.S.

Degree Level

Thesis

Keyword(s)

• Bone tissue engineering
• growth factors
• Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)
• hydroxyapatite
• scaffolds

Abstract

Trauma, congenital defects, and tumor resections can result in discontinuity bone defects, which are typically treated through bone grafting. Potential limitations, such as donor site morbidity, make the development of synthetic implants with similar success to current techniques an attractive alternative for the repair of these structural defecits. Due to its chemical similarity, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) remains a candidate biomaterial for synthetic bone grafting. This thesis investigates a potential method to improve osteointegration of these hydroxyapatite bone scaffolds, the delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of rhBMP-2 addition on scaffold osteointegration and degradation in a porcine animal model. Scaffolds were prepared and inserted into surgically induced defects in the mandibles of Yorkshire pigs in order to compare the addition of rhBMP-2-containg hydroxyapatite scaffolds to empty hydroxyapatite control scaffolds and hydroxyapatite scaffolds with empty gelatin microspheres at 6, 12, 24, and 48 weeks after insertion. Macroscale analysis of bone infiltration and scaffold degradation using micro-computed tomography indicated limited differences in bone and scaffold amounts between treatments. However, on the microscale, significant increases in bone infiltration into scaffold micropores with the rhBMP-2 treatment were observed through histological and scanning electron microscope analysis. In addition, significant degradation of the scaffold due to the physiological environment could be observed. We conclude that addition of rhBMP-2 into a porous hydroxyapatite scaffold may be advantageous to bone ingrowth due to improved osteointegration on the microscale.

Graduation Semester

2010-5

Permalink

http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16015

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2010 Aaron Maki

Owning Collections