University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Seismic studies in the midcontinent of U.S. and its implications for the intraplate deformation process

Xiao, Hongyu

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/122145

Description

Title
Seismic studies in the midcontinent of U.S. and its implications for the intraplate deformation process
Author(s)
Xiao, Hongyu
Issue Date
2023-11-29
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Song, Xiaodong
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Liu, Lijun
Committee Member(s)
  • Marshak, Stephen
  • Gregg, Patricia
Department of Study
Earth Sci & Environmental Chng
Discipline
Geology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
  • receiver functions analysis
  • ambient noise based joint inversion
  • seismic Imaging
  • intraplate deformation
  • the midcontinent of the U.S.
  • the North American craton
  • the Illinois Basin
  • the Michigan Basin
  • the Appalachian Basin
Abstract
The midcontinent region of the United States is typically viewed as a stable and robust cratonic area within the North American Plate, characterized by a series of epeirogenic basins, domes, arches, faults, and monoclines. However, the presence of these structures suggests that there has been intraplate deformation. Notably, the Illinois Basin and the Michigan Basin are two major cratonic depressions in the North American Plate, indicating subsidence within the plate. Furthermore, the central midcontinent is known to have a relatively high earthquake hazard potential due to several active seismic zones, which also implies significant intraplate deformation. To better understand the different crustal features and variation patterns between the Illinois Basin, Michigan Basin, and Appalachian Basin, and their relation to the region's structural, epeirogenic, and topographic patterns, I conducted a series of analyses based on seismic imaging in the midcontinent of the U.S. I first compiled a high-resolution Moho-depth map by performing a thorough receiver function analysis (H-κ-c) of all stations within the central midcontinent, primarily using data from Transportable-Array and Flexible-Array stations that encompass the Illinois Basin and surrounding areas. Second, I conducted a detailed H-κ-c analysis of all stations within the north midcontinent, mainly encompassing the Michigan Basin and surrounding regions. Third, I performed an ambient noise-based surface wave inversion in the central midcontinent and compiled a velocity model from the surface to the uppermost mantle. Lastly, I conducted a station-based joint inversion in the central midcontinent region, using both stacked receiver functions and ambient noise tomography data and put together a shear velocity model using the joint inversion results covering the crust and the uppermost mantle of the central midcontinent of the U.S.
Graduation Semester
2023-12
Type of Resource
Thesis
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 2023 Hongyu Xiao

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