Evaluation of functional ingredients on glycemic response, fecal metabolites, fecal microbiota, systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, and nutrient digestibility in companion animal nutrition
Kayser, Emanuela
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/122141
Description
Title
Evaluation of functional ingredients on glycemic response, fecal metabolites, fecal microbiota, systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, and nutrient digestibility in companion animal nutrition
Author(s)
Kayser, Emanuela
Issue Date
2023-11-30
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
C. de Godoy, Maria R
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Steelman, Andrew
Committee Member(s)
Swanson, Kelly S.
Rodriguez-Zas, Sandra
Fahey, George
Department of Study
Nutritional Sciences
Discipline
Nutritional Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Canine nutrition, functional ingredients
Abstract
The primary role of the canine diet is to provide sufficient nutrients to meet the metabolic requirements of dogs. More recently, however, a hypothesis has been supported that, beyond meeting nutritional needs, diet may modulate several functions in the body, which could contribute to reducing the risk of diseases. The use of functional ingredients has contributed to product diversification and the ability to support functional and structural claims in commercial pet foods. These may include weight management or maintenance, skin and coat health, gastrointestinal health, joint health, and more. This dissertation aimed to evaluate the effects of selected functional ingredients in glycemic response, fecal metabolites, fecal microbiota, systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, and nutrient digestibility in healthy adult dogs.
The first aim was to evaluate the longitudinal effects of daily supplementation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 live and heat-killed on weight management, fecal fermentative end-products and microbiota, insulin sensitivity, gut hormones, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and white blood cell gene expression of adult dogs. The second aim was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, and natural killers), vaccine response, nutrient digestibility, fecal fermentative end-products and microbiota, and skin and coat quality of adult dogs. The third aim was to evaluate the longitudinal effects of daily supplementation of incremental doses of inositol on serum oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, gut hormones, and postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses in overweight dogs.
Overall, our results demonstrate that the supplementation of the listed functional ingredients had no detrimental effects to the health status of the dogs. Additionally, the probiotic supplemented appears to influence gene expression for energy metabolism. Due to changes in immune parameters among treatments, GL may exert beneficial immunomodulatory effects in healthy adult dogs when provided at a daily dose of 15 mg/kg BW. We also observed that longitudinal supplementation of inositol may interact with inflammatory response and contribute to the regulation of glucose metabolism.
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