Functional adaptation to exercise in juvenile, ovine cortical bone
Craggette, Joshua Ian
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/120451
Description
Title
Functional adaptation to exercise in juvenile, ovine cortical bone
Author(s)
Craggette, Joshua Ian
Issue Date
2023-05-04
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Kersh, Mariana
Department of Study
Mechanical Sci & Engineering
Discipline
Mechanical Engineering
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
M.S.
Degree Level
Thesis
Keyword(s)
cortical
adaptation
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that affects millions of people who world wide. While there are several treatment options available for individuals
diagnosed with osteoporosis, the underlying bone weakness still persists, and
alternative efforts to treat, inhibit, or prevent osteoporosis continue to be ex plored. One potential solution is exercise, as mechanical stimuli from muscle
forces are known to affect bone formation and resorption. However, previ ous studies have shown that the bones’ response to exercise diminishes with
age, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive understanding of how
exercise affects bone adaptation.
While previous studies have examined the effects of exercise on bone qual ity, limitations exist in their ability to comprehensively examine spatial changes
in mechanical properties and structure of growing cortical bone. These limi tations underscore the need for a more in-depth investigation to understand
the potential of exercise as a viable option for improving bone quality and
preventing the onset of osteoporosis. This study aimed to fill the gap in the
existing literature by investigating the uniformity of exercise-induced changes
in growing bone and quantifying the effects of exercise on both the mechan ical and structural properties of bone using a controlled animal study.
The flat exercise group showed a significant increase in thickness and den sity in all regions of the anterior and posterior sides of the diaphysis, while
the incline exercise group demonstrated more varied changes in thickness
and density depending on the region. Both exercise groups showed no significant changes in bending modulus, and the changes in flexural modulus and
strength were inconsistent across different regions. Samples from the exercise
groups were more vulnerable to failure under compressive loads, potentially
due to lower mineralization in those areas.
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