Gender, text, and the body in Martial’s Epigrams

Wells, Jessica Rose

Permalink

https://hdl.handle.net/2142/106222 Copy

Description

Title

Gender, text, and the body in Martial’s Epigrams

Author(s)

Wells, Jessica Rose

Issue Date

2019-11-27

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

Williams, Craig

Doctoral Committee Chair(s)

Williams, Craig

Committee Member(s)

• Augoustakis, Antonios
• Tzanetou, Angeliki
• Walters, Brian

Department of Study

Classics

Discipline

Classical Philology

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

Ph.D.

Degree Level

Dissertation

Keyword(s)

• Epigram
• Latin
• Latin epigram
• gender
• text
• body
• corpus
• book
• masculinity
• mentula
• macro-epigrammatic
• plagiarism
• self-presentation
• poetry
• Latin poetry
• Roman poetry
• Martial
• Martialis
• Marcus Valerius Martialis
• castration
• emasculation
• Galla
• Gallus
• Cybele
• Priapus
• ithyphallic
• liber
• libellus
• epigramma
• metaliterary
• poetological
• dactylic hexameter
• elegiac couplet
• hegemonic masculinity
• elegiac puella
• humor
• identity
• publication
• vulnerability
• elegy
• epic
• modification
• mutilation
• body alteration
• vir
• phallic
• eunuch
• castrate
• emasculate

Abstract

The expression “body of work” has long been used to describe the creative output of an author or artist, and the Latin word corpus is traditionally used to signify the bulk of a textual work because it represents a whole being made of many parts. This dissertation explores Martial’s Epigrams to ask how the poet presents his own work as a whole, gendered entity within its generic context. This dissertation undertakes a close textual analysis of epigrams that prominently feature body imagery for the text and textual imagery applied to the body. The analysis reveals that the text of the epigrams is often figured as a phallic male, but that the text may be figured as a more vulnerable body (e.g., that of a woman, boy, or an emasculated man, “gallus”) to demonstrate moments when the text is most at risk of theft or alteration; this vulnerability is especially applicable to pre-published texts. The research suggests that the figuration of a body of text as a phallically aggressive man presents the text as authoritative and the genre as a worthy form of literature. In the first chapter, I focus on the representations of “wrong” bodies or bodies in need of correcting. In chapter 2, I define various terms in Latin and English and give a brief cultural background before I introduce the idea of the text as an altered male body; the poet employs this imagery to threaten poetic rivals and situate his own text in an authoritative position. In the third chapter, I argue that Book 3 of Martial’s Epigrams is presented as a “macro-epigrammatic” text: the book itself is structured as if it were a large-scale, bipartite epigram, and the joke contained within hinges on the identity of the book as a vir (“man”), not a gallus (“emasculated man”) as the book’s first poem suggests.

Graduation Semester

2019-12

Type of Resource

text

Permalink

http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106222

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2019 Jessica Wells

Owning Collections