The negative influence of adiposity extends to intraindividual variability in cognitive control among preadolescent children

Chojnacki, Morgan Renee

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/100982 Copy

Description

Title

The negative influence of adiposity extends to intraindividual variability in cognitive control among preadolescent children

Author(s)

Chojnacki, Morgan Renee

Issue Date

2018-04-18

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

Khan, Naiman A.

Committee Member(s)

• Holscher, Hannah
• Hillman, Charles
• Johnson, Rodney

Department of Study

Nutritional Sciences

Discipline

Nutritional Sciences

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

M.S.

Degree Level

Thesis

Keyword(s)

• Obesity
• DXA, Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry
• Flanker
• IIV, Intraindividual Variability
• CVRT, Coefficient of Variation of Reaction Time
• SDRT, Standard Deviation of Reaction Time

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between adiposity and cognition using mean accuracy, mean reaction time, and intraindividual variability (IIV) among preadolescents. Methods: Children 7-9 years old (N=233, 133 females) underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and a VO2peak test to assess whole-body adiposity and aerobic fitness relative to fat-free mass (VO2FF), respectively. Attentional inhibition was assessed using a modified flanker task. IIV was assessed as standard deviation (SDRT) and coefficient of variation (CVRT) of response time. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between adiposity and cognitive measures following adjustment of significant demographic factors, intelligence quotient, and VO2FF. Results: Whole-body adiposity was negatively related to congruent trial mean accuracy and reaction time and to CVRT in both the congruent and incongruent trials. Differences in cognitive function across weight status were selectively evident for measures of IIV such that children with overweight/obesity (≥85th BMI-for-age percentile) exhibited higher CVRT for both the congruent and incongruent trials. Conclusion: This work provides additional evidence linking childhood obesity to poorer cognitive function and includes novel data extending the negative influence of adiposity to measures of intraindividual response variability in cognitive control, even after accounting for intellectual abilities, aerobic fitness and demographic factors.

Graduation Semester

2018-05

Type of Resource

text

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http://hdl.handle.net/2142/100982

Copyright and License Information

© 2018 Morgan Chojnacki

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