University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Phosphorus bioavailability and digestibility in soybean meal, spray dried plasma protein and meat and bone meal determined by different methods in poultry

Munoz, John Albert

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MUNOZ-THESIS-2017.pdf

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/99262

Description

Title
Phosphorus bioavailability and digestibility in soybean meal, spray dried plasma protein and meat and bone meal determined by different methods in poultry
Author(s)
Munoz, John Albert
Issue Date
2017-12-14
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Parsons, Carl M.
Department of Study
Animal Sciences
Discipline
Animal Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
M.S.
Degree Level
Thesis
Date of Ingest
2018-03-13T15:28:45Z
Keyword(s)
  • Phosphorus
  • Poultry
  • Digestibility
  • Bioavailability
  • Ileal
  • Excreta
  • Retention
  • Tibia
  • Ash
  • Spray
  • Dried
  • Plasma
  • Protein
  • Soybean
  • Meal
  • Meat and bone
Abstract
Six experiments were conducted to determine P digestibility or bioavailability for soybean meal (SBM), spray dried plasma protein (SDPP), and meat and bone meal (MBM) using different types of assays in poultry. Experiment 1 evaluated the precision-fed rooster assay and determined the effects of increasing P intakes on excreta P retention values using corn and corn supplemented with increasing amounts of KH2PO4 to provide total P intakes of 51-351 mg. The results indicated that excreta P retention values decreased when non-phytate P intakes were 76 mg or higher. Experiment 2 was another precision-fed rooster assay where increasing amounts of SDPP (5-20 g) were fed to provide non-phytate P intakes of 61-242 mg. The results of this experiment were in agreement with the first experiment in that P excretion increased greatly and excreta P retention values decreased as P intake increased. Experiment 3 was a precision-fed rooster assay conducted to evaluate the effect of increasing dietary calcium on excreta P retention values for SBM and SDPP and also the effect of increasing intakes of SDPP and MBM on their excreta P retention values. Excreta P retention values for SBM were 41-42% and excreta P retention values for SDPP again decreased as P intake increased. Dietary calcium level had no significant effect on excreta P retention values for SBM and SDPP. Excreta P retention values for MBM were low (27-35%) at all intakes. The results of these first three experiments suggest that the precision-fed assay may be useful for determining bioavailability of P only if non-phytate P intakes are low and the assay may not be accurate for ingredients which contain high calcium and P levels such as MBM. Experiment 4 was a precision-fed broiler chick assay conducted to determine ileal P digestibility for SBM, MBM and SDPP. Ileal P digestibility of SBM, MBM, and SDPP was 64, 42, and 94%, respectively. Experiment 5 was an ad libitum fed chick assay conducted to determine ileal P digestibility and excreta P retention for SBM, SDPP, and MBM. Chicks were fed diets containing three increasing levels of SBM, SDPP or MBM with the test ingredients providing the only source of dietary P. Three additional diets were used to evaluate a different dietary method where increasing levels of MBM were added to a corn-soybean meal based diet. True ileal P digestibility and true excreta P retention were estimated using regression of ileal P and excreta P output on dietary P content. The results yielded true ileal P digestibility values for SBM, SDPP, MBM (two methods) to be 83, 98, 61, and 23%, respectively. True excreta P retention values for SBM, SDPP, and MBM (two methods) were determined to be 51, 99, 32, and 53%, respectively. Experiment 6 was a chick bone ash bioassay conducted to determine the bioavailability of P in SBM, SDPP, and MBM relative to KH2PO4. Chicks were fed a P-deficient cornstarch-dextrose-soybean meal diet supplemented with two increasing levels of P from KH2PO4, SBM, SDPP, or MBM. Relative bioavailability values for P in SBM, SDPP, and MBM based on tibia ash and estimated using slope-ratio multiple regression analysis were 36, 125, and 76%, respectively. The results of this study indicated the digestibility/relative bioavailability of the P in SDPP was very high for all methods, but values for SBM and MBM varied greatly among different methods.
Graduation Semester
2017-12
Type of Resource
text
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/99262
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 2017 John Munoz

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Dissertations and Theses - Animal Sciences